<chapter id="security">
<title>&kppp; and security issues</title>

<para>This section is mainly for superusers (<systemitem>root</systemitem>)
people with high security demands, or simply technically interested people.  It
is not necessary to read this if you only use &Linux; at home for yourself,
although you may learn a thing or two in any case.</para>

<sect1 id="security-restricting-access">
<title>Restricting access to &kppp;</title>

<para>A system administrator might want to restrict access as to who is allowed
to use &kppp;.  There are two ways to accomplish this.</para>

<sect2 id="security-group-permissions">
<title>Restricting access with group permissions</title>

<para>Create a new group (you might want to name it
<systemitem>dialout</systemitem> or similar), and put every user that should be
allowed to use &kppp; into that group.  Then type at the prompt:</para>

<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput><command>chown</command> <option>root.dialout</option> <filename>/opt/kde/bin/kppp</filename></userinput>
<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput><command>chmod</command> <option>4750</option> <filename>/opt/kde/bin/kppp</filename></userinput>
</screen>

<para>This assumes that &kde; was installed in <filename class="directory">
/opt/kde/</filename> and that your new group is named
<systemitem>dialout</systemitem>.</para>

</sect2>

<sect2 id="security-kppps-way">
<title>Restricting access &kppp;'s way</title>

<para>Before doing anything, &kppp; checks if there is a file named
<filename>/etc/kppp.allow</filename>. If such a file exists, only users named in
this file are allowed to dial out.  This file must be readable by everyone (but
of course <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> writable.)  Only login names are recognized,
so you cannot use <acronym>UID</acronym>'s in this file.  Here is a short
example:</para>

<screen>
# /etc/kppp.allow
# comment lines like this are ignored
# as well as empty lines

fred
karl
daisy
</screen>

<para>In the example above, only the users <systemitem>fred</systemitem>,
<systemitem>karl</systemitem> and <systemitem>daisy</systemitem> are allowed to
dial out, as well as every user with a <acronym>UID</acronym> of 0 (so you don't
have to explicitly list root in the file).</para>

</sect2>

</sect1>

<sect1 id="security-why-suid">
<title>&kppp; has the <acronym>SUID</acronym> bit on? What about
security?</title>

<para>It's virtually impossible to write a dialer without the
<acronym>SUID</acronym> bit that is both safe and easy to use for inexperienced
users.  &kppp; addresses the security issues with the following strategy.</para>

<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Immediately after the program starts, &kppp; forks.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>The master process, which handles all the <acronym>GUI</acronym> operations
(such as user interaction), drops the <acronym>SUID</acronym> state after the
fork, and runs with normal user privileges.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>The slave process keeps its  privileges, and is responsible for all
actions that need <systemitem>root</systemitem> privileges.  To
keep this part safe, no &kde; or &Qt; library calls are used here, just simple
library calls.  The source code for this process is short (around 500 lines) and
well documented, so it's easy for you to check it for security holes.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Master and slave processes communicate with standard &UNIX;
<acronym>IPC</acronym>.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>

<para>Special thanks to Harri Porten for writing this excellent piece of code.
It was thought to be impossible, but he managed it within a week.</para>

</sect1>

</chapter>