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>Manual PHP</TH
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><DIV
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><H1
CLASS="title"
>XLIX. PHP / Java Integration</H1
><DIV
CLASS="PARTINTRO"
><A
NAME="AEN47816"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="java.intro"
>Introducere</A
></H1
><P
> There are two possible ways to bridge PHP and Java: you can either
<A
HREF="ref.java.html#java.servlet"
>integrate PHP into a Java Servlet
environment</A
>, which is the more stable and efficient solution,
or integrate Java support into PHP. The former is provided by a SAPI
module that interfaces with the Servlet server, the latter by this
Java extension.
</P
><P
> The Java extension provides a simple and effective means for creating and
invoking methods on Java objects from PHP. The JVM is created using JNI,
and everything runs in-process.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="warning"
><P
></P
><TABLE
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><TR
><TD
ALIGN="CENTER"
><B
>Avertisment</B
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
><P
>Aceastã extensie este
<SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="emphasis"
>EXPERIMENTALÃ</I
></SPAN
>. Comportamentul acestei extensii,
incluzând numele funcþiilor ºi orice altceva documentat despre
aceastã extensie ar putea fi schimbate farã un anunþ prealabil,
intr-o viitoare versiune PHP. V-am avertizat, deci folosiþi aceastã
extensie pe riscul dv.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="java.requirements"
>Necesitãþi</A
></H1
><P
> You need a Java VM installed on your machine to use this extension.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="java.installation"
>Instalare</A
></H1
><P
> Build instructions for this extension can be found in
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>php4/ext/java/README</TT
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="java.configuration"
>Configurare la rulare</A
></H1
><P
> The behaviour of these functions is affected by settings in <TT
CLASS="filename"
>php.ini</TT
>.
</P
><P
> <DIV
CLASS="table"
><A
NAME="AEN47837"
></A
><P
><B
>Tabel 1. Java configuration options</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="1"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><COL><COL><COL><THEAD
><TR
><TH
>Name</TH
><TH
>Default</TH
><TH
>Changeable</TH
></TR
></THEAD
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
>java.class.path</TD
><TD
>NULL</TD
><TD
>PHP_INI_ALL</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>java.home</TD
><TD
>NULL</TD
><TD
>PHP_INI_ALL</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>java.library.path</TD
><TD
>NULL</TD
><TD
>PHP_INI_ALL</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>java.library</TD
><TD
>JAVALIB</TD
><TD
>PHP_INI_ALL</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
></DIV
>
For further details and definition of the PHP_INI_* constants see
<A
HREF="function.ini-set.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>ini_set()</B
></A
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="java.resources"
>Tipuri de resurse</A
></H1
><P
>Aceastã extensie nu defineºte tipuri de resurse.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="java.constants"
>Constante predefinite</A
></H1
><P
>Aceastã extensie nu defineºte constante.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="java.examples"
>Exemple</A
></H1
><P
> <TABLE
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><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN47872"
></A
><P
><B
>Exemplu 1. Java Example</B
></P
><TABLE
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><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">// get instance of Java class java.lang.System in PHP<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$system </font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">Java</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'java.lang.System'</font><font color="#007700">);<br /><br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">// demonstrate property access<br /> </font><font color="#007700">print </font><font color="#DD0000">'Java version='</font><font color="#007700">.</font><font color="#0000BB">$system</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getProperty</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'java.version'</font><font color="#007700">).</font><font color="#DD0000">' <br>'</font><font color="#007700">;<br /> print </font><font color="#DD0000">'Java vendor=' </font><font color="#007700">.</font><font color="#0000BB">$system</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getProperty</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'java.vendor'</font><font color="#007700">).</font><font color="#DD0000">' <br>'</font><font color="#007700">;<br /> print </font><font color="#DD0000">'OS='</font><font color="#007700">.</font><font color="#0000BB">$system</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getProperty</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'os.name'</font><font color="#007700">).</font><font color="#DD0000">' '</font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$system</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getProperty</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'os.version'</font><font color="#007700">).</font><font color="#DD0000">' on '</font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$system</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getProperty</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'os.arch'</font><font color="#007700">).</font><font color="#DD0000">' <br>'</font><font color="#007700">;<br /><br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">// java.util.Date example<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$formatter </font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">Java</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'java.text.SimpleDateFormat'</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"EEEE, MMMM dd, yyyy 'at' h:mm:ss a zzzz"</font><font color="#007700">);<br /><br /> print </font><font color="#0000BB">$formatter</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">format</font><font color="#007700">(new </font><font color="#0000BB">Java</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'java.util.Date'</font><font color="#007700">));<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
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></TD
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>
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><DIV
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><A
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></A
><P
><B
>Exemplu 2. AWT Example</B
></P
><TABLE
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><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">// This example is only intented to be run as a CGI.<br /><br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$frame </font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">Java</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'java.awt.Frame'</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#DD0000">'PHP'</font><font color="#007700">);<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$button </font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">Java</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'java.awt.Button'</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#DD0000">'Hello Java World!'</font><font color="#007700">);<br /><br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$frame</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">add</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'North'</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">$button</font><font color="#007700">);<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$frame</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">validate</font><font color="#007700">();<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$frame</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">pack</font><font color="#007700">();<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$frame</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">visible </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">True</font><font color="#007700">;<br /><br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$thread </font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">Java</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'java.lang.Thread'</font><font color="#007700">);<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$thread</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">sleep</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">10000</font><font color="#007700">);<br /><br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$frame</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">dispose</font><font color="#007700">();<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
Notes:
<P
></P
><UL
><LI
><P
> <VAR
CLASS="literal"
>new Java()</VAR
> will create an instance of a class if
a suitable constructor is available. If no parameters are passed and
the default constructor is useful as it provides access to classes
like <VAR
CLASS="literal"
>java.lang.System</VAR
> which expose most of their
functionallity through static methods.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Accessing a member of an instance will first look for bean properties
then public fields. In other words, <VAR
CLASS="literal"
>print $date.time</VAR
>
will first attempt to be resolved as <VAR
CLASS="literal"
>$date.getTime()</VAR
>,
then as <VAR
CLASS="literal"
>$date.time</VAR
>.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Both static and instance members can be accessed on an object with
the same syntax. Furthermore, if the java object is of type
<VAR
CLASS="literal"
>java.lang.Class</VAR
>, then static members of the class
(fields and methods) can be accessed.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Exceptions raised result in PHP warnings, and <TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>NULL</B
></TT
> results. The
warnings may be eliminated by prefixing the method call with an
"@" sign. The following APIs may be used to retrieve and reset
the last error:
<P
></P
><UL
><LI
><P
><A
HREF="function.java-last-exception-get.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>java_last_exception_get()</B
></A
></P
></LI
><LI
><P
><A
HREF="function.java-last-exception-clear.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>java_last_exception_clear()</B
></A
></P
></LI
></UL
>
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Overload resolution is in general a hard problem given the
differences in types between the two languages. The PHP Java
extension employs a simple, but fairly effective, metric for
determining which overload is the best match.
</P
><P
> Additionally, method names in PHP are not case sensitive, potentially
increasing the number of overloads to select from.
</P
><P
> Once a method is selected, the parameters are cooerced if necessary,
possibly with a loss of data (example: double precision floating point
numbers will be converted to boolean).
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> In the tradition of PHP, arrays and hashtables may pretty much
be used interchangably. Note that hashtables in PHP may only be
indexed by integers or strings; and that arrays of primitive types
in Java can not be sparse. Also note that these constructs are
passed by value, so may be expensive in terms of memory and time.
</P
></LI
></UL
>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="java.servlet"
>Java Servlet SAPI</A
></H1
><P
> The Java Servlet SAPI builds upon the mechanism defined by the Java
extension to enable the entire PHP processor to be run as a servlet.
The primary advanatage of this from a PHP perspective is that web servers
which support servlets typically take great care in pooling and reusing
JVMs. Build instructions for the Servlet SAPI module can be found in
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>php4/sapi/README</TT
>.
Notes:
<P
></P
><UL
><LI
><P
> While this code is intended to be able to run on any servlet engine,
it has only been tested on Apache's Jakarta/tomcat to date. Bug
reports, success stories and/or patches required to get this code
to run on other engines would be appreciated.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> PHP has a habit of changing the working directory. sapi/servlet will
eventually change it back, but while PHP is running the servlet engine
may not be able to load any classes from the CLASSPATH which are
specified using a relative directory syntax, or find the work directory
used for administration and JSP compilation tasks.
</P
></LI
></UL
>
</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="TOC"
><DL
><DT
><B
>Cuprins</B
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.java-last-exception-clear.html"
>java_last_exception_clear</A
> -- Clear last Java exception</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.java-last-exception-get.html"
>java_last_exception_get</A
> -- Get last Java exception</DT
></DL
></DIV
></DIV
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