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><H1
><A
NAME="function.proc-open"
></A
>proc_open</H1
><DIV
CLASS="refnamediv"
><A
NAME="AEN97058"
></A
><P
>    (PHP 4 &#62;= 4.3.0, PHP 5)</P
>proc_open&nbsp;--&nbsp;
     Execute a command and open file pointers for input/output
    </DIV
><DIV
CLASS="refsect1"
><A
NAME="AEN97061"
></A
><H2
>Description</H2
>resource <B
CLASS="methodname"
>proc_open</B
> ( string cmd, array descriptorspec, array pipes)<BR
></BR
><P
>&#13;     <B
CLASS="function"
>proc_open()</B
> is similar to <A
HREF="function.popen.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>popen()</B
></A
>
     but provides a much greater degree of control over the program execution.
     <VAR
CLASS="parameter"
>cmd</VAR
> is the command to be executed by the shell.
     <VAR
CLASS="parameter"
>descriptorspec</VAR
> is an indexed array where the
     key represents the descriptor number and the value represents how PHP
     will pass that descriptor to the child process.
     <VAR
CLASS="parameter"
>pipes</VAR
> will be set to an indexed array of file
     pointers that correspond to PHP's end of any pipes that are created.
     The return value is a resource representing the process; you should
     free it using <A
HREF="function.proc-close.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>proc_close()</B
></A
> when you are finished
     with it.
    </P
><P
>&#13;     <DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><P
></P
><A
NAME="AEN97083"
></A
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB">&lt;?php<br />$descriptorspec </font><font color="#007700">= array(<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#0000BB">0 </font><font color="#007700">=&gt; array(</font><font color="#DD0000">"pipe"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#DD0000">"r"</font><font color="#007700">),&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#FF8000">// stdin is a pipe that the child will read from<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#0000BB">1 </font><font color="#007700">=&gt; array(</font><font color="#DD0000">"pipe"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#DD0000">"w"</font><font color="#007700">),&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#FF8000">// stdout is a pipe that the child will write to<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#0000BB">2 </font><font color="#007700">=&gt; array(</font><font color="#DD0000">"file"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#DD0000">"/tmp/error-output.txt"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#DD0000">"a"</font><font color="#007700">) </font><font color="#FF8000">// stderr is a file to write to<br /></font><font color="#007700">);<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$process </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">proc_open</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"php"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">$descriptorspec</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">$pipes</font><font color="#007700">);<br />if (</font><font color="#0000BB">is_resource</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$process</font><font color="#007700">)) {<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#FF8000">// $pipes now looks like this:<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// 0 =&gt; writeable handle connected to child stdin<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// 1 =&gt; readable handle connected to child stdout<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Any error output will be appended to /tmp/error-output.txt<br /><br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#0000BB">fwrite</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$pipes</font><font color="#007700">[</font><font color="#0000BB">0</font><font color="#007700">], </font><font color="#DD0000">"&lt;?php echo \"Hello World!\"; ?&gt;"</font><font color="#007700">);<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#0000BB">fclose</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$pipes</font><font color="#007700">[</font><font color="#0000BB">0</font><font color="#007700">]);<br /><br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;while (!</font><font color="#0000BB">feof</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$pipes</font><font color="#007700">[</font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">])) {<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo </font><font color="#0000BB">fgets</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$pipes</font><font color="#007700">[</font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">], </font><font color="#0000BB">1024</font><font color="#007700">);<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#0000BB">fclose</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$pipes</font><font color="#007700">[</font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">]);<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#FF8000">// It is important that you close any pipes before calling<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// proc_close in order to avoid a deadlock<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#0000BB">$return_value </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">proc_close</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$process</font><font color="#007700">);<br /><br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo </font><font color="#DD0000">"command returned $return_value</font><font color="#007700">\n</font><font color="#DD0000">"</font><font color="#007700">;<br />}<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?&gt;</font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
>
    </P
><P
>&#13;     PHP 5RC2 introduces pty support for systems with Unix98 ptys. This allows
     your script to interact with applications that expect to be talking to a
     terminal.  A pty works like a pipe, but is bi-directional, so there is no
     need to specify a read/write mode.  The example below shows how to use a
     pty; note that you don't have to have all descriptors talking to a pty.
     Also note that only one pty is created, even though pty is specified 3
     times.  In a future version of PHP, it might be possible to do more than
     just read and write to the pty.
    </P
><P
>&#13;     <DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><P
></P
><A
NAME="AEN97087"
></A
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
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><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Create a pseudo terminal for the child process<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$descriptorspec </font><font color="#007700">= array(<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#0000BB">0 </font><font color="#007700">=&gt; array(</font><font color="#DD0000">"pty"</font><font color="#007700">),<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#0000BB">1 </font><font color="#007700">=&gt; array(</font><font color="#DD0000">"pty"</font><font color="#007700">),<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#0000BB">2 </font><font color="#007700">=&gt; array(</font><font color="#DD0000">"pty"</font><font color="#007700">)<br />);<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$process </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">proc_open</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"cvs -d:pserver:cvsread@cvs.php.net:/repository login"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">$descriptorspec</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">$pipes</font><font color="#007700">);<br />if (</font><font color="#0000BB">is_resource</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$process</font><font color="#007700">)) {<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#FF8000">// work with it here<br /></font><font color="#007700">}<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?&gt;</font>
</font>
</code></TD
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><P
></P
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>
    </P
><P
>&#13;     The file descriptor numbers in <VAR
CLASS="parameter"
>descriptorspec</VAR
> are
     not limited to 0, 1 and 2 - you may specify any valid file descriptor
     number and it will be passed to the child process. This allows your
     script to interoperate with other scripts that run as "co-processes".
     In particular, this is useful for passing passphrases to programs like
     PGP, GPG and openssl in a more secure manner.  It is also useful for
     reading status information provided by those programs on auxiliary
     file descriptors.
    </P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>Not&#227;: </B
>
      Windows compatibility: Descriptors beyond 2 (stderr) are made
      available to the child process as inheritable handles, but since
      the Windows architecture does not associate file descriptor numbers
      with low-level handles, the child process does not (yet) have a means
      of accessing those handles.  Stdin, stdout and stderr work as expected.
     </P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>Not&#227;: </B
>
      If you only need a uni-directional (one-way) process pipe, use
      <A
HREF="function.popen.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>popen()</B
></A
> instead, as it is much easier to use.
     </P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><P
>&#13;     See also <A
HREF="function.stream-select.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>stream_select()</B
></A
>, <A
HREF="function.exec.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>exec()</B
></A
>,
     <A
HREF="function.system.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>system()</B
></A
>,
     <A
HREF="function.passthru.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>passthru()</B
></A
>, <A
HREF="function.popen.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>popen()</B
></A
>,
     <A
HREF="function.escapeshellcmd.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>escapeshellcmd()</B
></A
>, and the <A
HREF="language.operators.execution.html"
>backtick operator</A
>.
    </P
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