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<center><b><font size="+2">retawq Documentation</font><br><font
size="+1">Keyboard Handling</font></b></center>
<p>(This documentation file is only relevant in curses-like <a
href="runmode.html">runmode</a>.)</p>
<p><a name="intro"></a><b>Introduction</b></p>
<p>You use retawq by entering keyboard commands. Most commands consist of a
single key. The keys usually have been chosen so that you can remember them
easily, e.g. "n" for "<i>n</i>ew window", "h" for "<i>h</i>ome URL" and "l" for
"scroll down one <i>l</i>ine".</p>
<p>Some commands require additional input like a URL you want to visit or an
explicit confirmation for a possibly "dangerous" command. This is explained in
the section "Line Input" below.</p>
<p>The Escape key can be used to cancel several operations, e.g. all commands
which require additional input and all menus.</p>
<p>Certain special keys like "Home" or "Page Up" don't work on all kinds of
terminals. If you encounter this problem, please read about the <a
href="rtconfig.html">run-time configuration option</a> "keymap" which makes it
possible to use different keys.</p>
<p>Some rather special commands have not been bound to keys by default because
retawq is slowly "running out of keys" already due to the high number of
commands. If you miss a command here, take a look at the full list of available
<a href="keymap.html">actions</a>, especially those which are marked "no
default key".</p>
<p><a name="key"></a><b>Commands</b></p>
<p><b>Window Handling:</b></p>
<p><ul>
<li><b>n</b> - create a new browser window; the old window in which you were
working is not removed (and activities running there aren't stopped), you can
get back to it with the commands "w", "W" and "ctrl-w".</li>
<li><b>N</b> - open the current browser document in a new browser window</li>
<li><b>C</b> - close the current window</li>
<li><b>1</b> - un-split the screen</li>
<li><b>2</b> - split the screen</li>
<li><b>Tab</b> (tabulator) - switch between visible windows when the screen is
split</li>
<li><b>w/W</b> - go to the next/previous virtual window in the list of all
virtual windows; for higher comfort, you probably want to use the command
"ctrl-w" instead.</li>
<li><b>ctrl-w</b> - show a list of all currently existing windows in a
menu</li>
</ul></p>
<p><b>Document Handling:</b></p>
<p><ul>
<li><b>Page-down/Space</b> - scroll down one screenfull of lines in the current
document</li>
<li><b>Page-up</b> - scroll up one screenfull of lines in the current
document</li>
<li><b>l/L</b> (and <b>Delete/Insert</b>) - scroll down/up one line in the
current document</li>
<li><b>Home</b> - scroll up to the top of the current document</li>
<li><b>End</b> - scroll down to the bottom of the current document</li>
<li><b>/</b> (slash) - search for a string in the current document in a
case-insensitive way; you're asked for the string; the search starts in the
line right below the topmost line which is currently shown; if the string is
found, the document is scrolled so that the respective line becomes topmost.
This command currently finds a string only if it is completely contained in one
rendered line; so, if a string isn't found although "it should be there", try
to search for a single word to avoid line break boundaries.</li>
<li><b>?</b> - like the command "/", but searches <i>backward</i></li>
<li><b>s</b> - save the current document (its original, unmodified, unlayouted
contents) in a file; you're asked for a filename. Saving automatically proceeds
"in the background" until the whole document has been received or until
reception is stopped.</li>
<li><b>d</b> - dump the current document (layouted) into a file; you're asked
for a filename. The document is only dumped as far as it has already been
received. To dump the <i>source code</i> of an HTML document in a browser
window, view the source code with the keyboard command "\" and dump from
there.</li>
</ul></p>
<p><b>Web Browsing:</b></p>
<p><ul>
<li><b>Cursor-left</b> - go back to the previous view in the series of views in
the current browser window</li>
<li><b>Cursor-right</b> - go to the next view in the series of views in the
current browser window; note: to follow a link, use the Return/Enter/o key
instead (described below) - here retawq differs from other browsers.</li>
<li><b>Cursor-down</b> - go to the next link (or HTML form element) in the
current web page</li>
<li><b>Cursor-up</b> - go to the previous link (or HTML form element) in the
current web page</li>
<li><b>Return/Enter/o</b> - open the current link in the current browser
window, or activate the current HTML form element; note that you can't activate
form elements which are marked disabled or read-only in the HTML source code
(but check the keyboard command "E"). Before you submit a form, make sure that
it has been received completely and that you've scrolled down to its end at
least once; otherwise the form data might be sent incompletely.</li>
<li><b>O</b> - open the current link in a new window</li>
<li><b>ctrl-o</b> - like "O", but the screen is split and the new window is
shown in the other part of the screen; this way, you can read the contents of
the current and the new window simultaneously. This command is especially
useful for getting an index of news articles in one window and opening the
articles in a new window without losing sight of the index.</li>
<li><b>r</b> - reload the current browser window document without looking into
retawq's internal cache</li>
<li><b>R</b> - like "r", but additionally tries to bypass <i>external</i>
caches ("enforced reload"); it also tries again to lookup the hostname if that
failed previously</li>
<li><b>g</b> - go to a new URL; you can enter the new URL at the bottom of the
screen; read <a href="scheme.html">URL Schemes</a> for information about
currently supported URLs.</li>
<li><b>G</b> - like "g", but the new URL is preset to the URL of the current
document so you can edit it</li>
<li><b>.</b> (period) - stop any ongoing network/disk activity for the current
document, e.g. stop receiving a web page</li>
<li><b>\</b> (backslash) - show the HTML source code of the current browser
window web page; to get back to the web page, use Cursor-left</li>
<li><b>i</b> - show information about the current link (or HTML form element)
in the message line at the bottom of the screen</li>
<li><b>I</b> - show information about the current browser window view, e.g.
about the links, images and forms which exist in a web page; the information is
shown in a newly created window of <a href="wk.html">window kind</a>
"information window".</li>
<li><b>h</b> - go to the "home" URL; by default, this is the retawq project
home page; you can change this or turn it off completely with the <a
href="rtconfig.html">run-time configuration option</a> "home".</li>
<li><b>e</b> - go to your favorite search engine URL; you can set this with the
<a href="rtconfig.html">run-time configuration option</a>
"search-engine".</li>
<li><b>b</b> - go to the bookmarks document URL; you can set this with the <a
href="rtconfig.html">run-time configuration option</a> "bookmarks".</li>
<li><b>j</b> - "jump" to a URL; you just enter a shortcut, and retawq goes to
the associated URL as configured with the <a href="rtconfig.html">run-time
configuration option</a> "jumps". This is useful if you visit several URLs
regularly and don't want to re-type the whole URLs each time, or if you want to
"insert arguments" into often-used URL <i>patterns</i>, e.g. when using search
engines.</li>
<li><b>J</b> - like "j", but the new jump shortcut is preset to the previously
entered shortcut so you can edit it</li>
<li><b>E</b> - enable a disabled HTML form element; some wannabe-clever web
page authors e.g. mark a submit button as disabled and let the browser enable
it with a Javascript statement when the user fills in a certain text field;
these authors ignore all the browsers which can't deal with Javascript - that's
why you might need this command some time...</li>
</ul></p>
<p><b>Other Commands:</b></p>
<p><ul>
<li><b>m</b> - show the contextual menu</li>
<li><b>u</b> - show the URL history (a list of the most recently used URLs) in
a menu</li>
<li><b>D</b> - download something from the URL which is given by the current
link and save it in a file; you're asked for a filename; cf. "ctrl-d" for more
information</li>
<li><b>ctrl-d</b> - download something from a URL and save it in a file; you're
asked for the URL from which something shall be downloaded and for a filename;
you can download from arbitrary <a href="scheme.html">URLs</a> with the
exception of local regular files - "downloading" them would be pointless
anyway... The downloaded content isn't stored in retawq's internal caches, it
is just saved in the file and "forgotten"; this way, you can receive very large
contents without filling the RAM of your computer. Downloading happens "in the
background", so it doesn't display any messages. It can't yet be paused/resumed
and doesn't yet have a nice user interface - you can get some raw information
about the progress by visiting (and reloading) the <a
href="scheme.html">URL</a> "about:activity" or by using the shell command "ls"
for the file.</li>
<li><b>!</b> (exclamation mark) - execute a shell command; for security
reasons, this only works if the respective feature has been enabled with the <a
href="ctconfig.html">compile-time configuration option</a> OPTION_EXECEXT; you
should additionally specify an explicit shell program with the <a
href="rtconfig.html">run-time configuration option</a> "execext-shell".
<br>With this keyboard command, you can execute any normal shell command from
inside retawq like e.g. from inside textual console FTP clients. But retawq
enables you to do more - you can prepend the command with a list of options;
options are introduced with a colon (":") and end with a space character, after
which the actual command is given, so the general format is ":<i>options</i>
<i>command</i>"; the options are a sequence of letters with the following
meaning:
<ul>
<li>o: read the output of the command (technobabble: from the "standard output"
stream)</li>
<li>e: read any error messages of the command (technobabble: from the "standard
error" stream)</li>
<li>H: interpret all received output as HTML source code</li>
<li>h: write a little header as input for the shell command; each header line
is terminated by a line feed character ("\n"), and the header is terminated by
an empty line; currently, the header only contains information about the retawq
version number; later versions will contain more; the header might be useful if
you execute special commands</li>
<li>c: write the content of the current document as input for the shell
command; for example, this is useful if you want to convert the current
document from a strange format to something which can be nicely displayed by
retawq</li>
<li>i: interpret special "percent markers" in the shell command before
executing it; for now, this only replaces the first occurrence of "%U" with the
URL of the current document</li>
</ul>
Please note that special shell characters aren't automatically escaped; this
way you get more flexibility, but you should be aware of possible security
implications.
<br>If you don't use any of the "read" options, the shell command is executed
"in the background" and its output is discarded. This is useful for shell
commands like "mkdir foo"; but for shell commands like "ls", you should at
least use the option "o" to get the resulting directory listing, like so: ":oe
ls".
<br>If you use any of the "read" options, the resulting output is shown in a
window of <a href="wk.html">window kind</a> "information window".</li>
<li><b>&</b> - switch the shell command configuration which is used with
the keyboard command "!"; this flips between a customized configuration which
was given with the <a href="rtconfig.html">run-time configuration option</a>
"execext-shell" and the built-in standard configuration "/bin/sh -c".</li>
<li><b>S</b> - save the current <a href="session.html">session</a> in a
file</li>
<li><b>M</b> - resume a <a href="session.html">session</a> from a file</li>
<li><b>H</b> - interpret the current document as HTML code; use this command if
retawq can't determine the document kind automatically, e.g. when the name of a
local HTML file doesn't end with ".htm" or ".html". - Please be careful to use
this command only if the document really consists of HTML code; otherwise
you'll get some mess on the screen because e.g. line breaks are shown as space
characters and anything after a "<" is interpreted as an (invalid) HTML tag
and probably not be displayed.</li>
<li><b>Y</b> - When you've enabled the mouse support (cf. the <a
href="ctconfig.html">compile-time configuration option</a>
OPTION_TEXTMODEMOUSE), you can use this command to switch the terminal between
the following two modes: "register mouse clicks on links and HTML form
elements" and "allow copy-paste".</li>
<li><b>Q</b> - quit retawq</li>
</ul></p>
<p><a name="lineinput"></a><b>Line Input</b></p>
<p>Sometimes you are asked for additional information for a command: a message
is displayed at the bottom line of the screen, and you have to input something
there (or cancel). This is called "line input mode". There are basically two
cases:</p>
<ul>
<li>You have to enter a single key, e.g. in order to confirm a question like:
"Really close this window?" If the message is so long that it isn't completely
visible, you can scroll it with the cursor keys, page up/down and home/end
keys.</li>
<li>You have to enter/edit some text, e.g. a URL (keyboard command "g") or a
text field of an HTML form. You can edit it with the usual cursor, backspace,
delete and return keys. If the message is so long that it isn't completely
visible, you can use the key "ctrl-a" to switch into the message area, use keys
to scroll it as explained above and then use "ctrl-a" again to get back into
the edit area.</li>
</ul>
<p>There's one special case: when you are asked for an FTP login password and
suddenly realize that the <i>username</i> was wrong, you can use the key
"ctrl-u" ("u" as in "username") to go one step back and enter a new username
first.</p>
<p><hr>This documentation file is part of version 0.2.6b of <a
href="http://retawq.sourceforge.net/">retawq</a>, a network client created by
<span lang="de">Arne Thomaßen</span>. retawq is basically released under
certain versions of the GNU General Public License and WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY.
Copyright (C) 2001-2005 <a href="mailto:arne@arne-thomassen.de"><span
lang="de">Arne Thomaßen</span></a>.</p>
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