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From:	klaus@snarc.greenie.muc.de (Klaus Weidner)
Subject: Generating 204x196 fonts for TeX
To:	mgetty@muc.de (mgetty mailing list)
Date:	Tue, 25 Jan 1994 20:10:20 +0100
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Hello,

due to popular request (hello Gert...), here is a description of what
you have to do to get high-quality fonts for your fax files.

If you use the usual setup, you will probably end up scaling down the
300dpi bitmap fonts available on your system to 204x196dpi needed for
faxing. This works, but the quality of the resulting fonts is awful,
and Donald Knuth will probably send the International Font Police
after you for such cruel abuse of a wonderful typesetting program.

There are three steps you have to take care of to get better results:

- your dvi-to-whatever converter has to use the right font size

- metafont has to be set up to generate fonts of the right resolution
  when needed.

- both programs have to agree where the fonts are stored.

I use dvips to convert the dvi input to PostScript and then GhostScript
to generate g3 fax files. The paths used below are those used on my
system, you will have to edit them to match your setup.

A shell script takes care of everything from the user's point of view:

% dvi2fax test.dvi

creates the file(s) test-001.fax (one per page) in the current
directory, which can then be passed on to sendfax.

The script looks like this:

----- dvi2fax ------------------------------------------------------------
#! /bin/sh

for i
do
	NAME=`basename $i .dvi`
	dvips -P dfaxhigh $NAME.dvi -o $NAME.ps
	gs -sDEVICE=dfaxhigh -sOutputFile=$NAME-%03d.fax -sNOPAUSE -- $NAME.ps
done
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

This calls dvips with a printer name of `dfaxhigh'. The `-P' flag
tells dvips to use the following configuration file:

--- /usr/TeX/lib/tex/ps/config.dfaxhigh ----------------------------------
M GThreeFaxHigh
X 204
Y 196
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

(M defines the configuration Metafont will use to generate the font,
X and Y define the resolution in dots/inch.)

You will have to define a Metafont mode for creating the fax fonts,
by default it only knows about low-resolution faxes. Put the following
definition into /usr/TeX/lib/mf/macros/modes.mf:

--- /usr/TeX/lib/mf/macros/modes.mf --------------------------------------
[...]
mode_def GThreeFaxHigh =                    % 204 x 196dpi G3fax
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 204);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 196 / pixels_per_inch);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Then create a new metafont base file:

        inimf "plain; input modes; dump"
	mv plain.base /usr/TeX/lib/mf/bases/mf.base

Now Metafont knows how to generate fonts at the right resolution.
Dvips will check if the needed fonts exist, and if they don't, it
will call MakeTeXPK to create them. On my system, the G3 fonts have
filenames like `/usr/TeX/lib/tex/fonts/GThreeFaxHigh/cmr10.204pk'.
The environment variable TEXPKS is used to tell dvips, xdvi and other
programs where the fonts are stored:

TEXPKS=/usr/TeX/lib/tex/fonts/%m/%f.%dpk

(%m is replaced with the Metafont `mode', %f with the font name and
%d with the X pixel size.)

If the font doesn't exist, dvips will call a shell script like this:
MakeTeXPK <font name> <dpi> <base dpi> <magnification> <mode>

The MakeTeXPK script was included in my TeX distribution, I have
edited it to match my setup:

--- MakeTeXPK ------------------------------------------------------------
#!/bin/sh
#
#   This script file makes a new TeX PK font, because one wasn't
#   found.  Parameters are:
#
#   name dpi bdpi magnification [mode [subdir]]
#
#   `name' is the name of the font, such as `cmr10'.  `dpi' is
#   the resolution the font is needed at.  `bdpi' is the base
#   resolution, useful for figuring out the mode to make the font
#   in.  `magnification' is a string to pass to MF as the
#   magnification.  `mode', if supplied, is the mode to use.
#
#   Note that this file must execute Metafont, and then gftopk,
#   and place the result in the correct location for the PostScript
#   driver to find it subsequently.  If this doesn't work, it will
#   be evident because MF will be invoked over and over again.
#
#   Of course, it needs to be set up for your site.
#
TEXDIR=/usr/TeX/lib/tex
LOCALDIR=/usr/TeX/lib/tex
#
# TEMPDIR needs to be unique for each process because of the possibility
# of simultaneous processes running this script.
#
if test "$TMPDIR" = ""
then
   TEMPDIR=/tmp/mtpk.$$
else
   TEMPDIR=$TMPDIR/mtpk.$$
fi
NAME=$1
DPI=$2
BDPI=$3
MAG=$4
MODE=$5

if [ -z "$MODE" ]
then
case $BDPI in
204)
	MODE=GThreeFaxHigh
	;;
240)
	MODE=EpsonMXFX
	;;
*)
	MODE=localfont
	;;
esac
fi

DESTDIR=$LOCALDIR/fonts/$MODE
GFNAME=$NAME.$DPI'gf'
PKNAME=$NAME.$DPI'pk'

# Clean up on normal or abnormal exit
trap "cd /; /bin/rm -rf $TEMPDIR $DESTDIR/pktmp.$$" 0 1 2 15


if test ! -d $DESTDIR
then
   mkdir $DESTDIR
fi

if test "$6" != ""
then
   DESTDIR=$DESTDIR"$6"
   if test ! -d $DESTDIR
   then
      mkdir $DESTDIR
   fi
fi

mkdir $TEMPDIR
cd $TEMPDIR

if test -r $DESTDIR/$PKNAME
then
   echo "$DESTDIR/$PKNAME already exists!"
   exit 0
fi

# check also in the standard place

if test "$6" = ""
then
   if test -r $TEXDIR/fonts/$PKNAME
   then
      echo $TEXDIR/fonts/$PKNAME already exists!
      exit 0
   fi
else
   if test -r $TEXDIR/fonts/$6"$PKNAME"
   then
      echo $TEXDIR/fonts/$6"$PKNAME" already exists!
      exit 0
   fi
fi

echo "mf \"\\mode:=$MODE; mag:=$MAG; scrollmode; input $NAME\" < /dev/null"
mf "\mode:=$MODE; mag:=$MAG; scrollmode; input $NAME" < /dev/null
if test ! -r $GFNAME
then
   echo "Metafont failed for some reason on $GFNAME"
   exit 1
fi

gftopk -v ./$GFNAME ./$PKNAME

# Install the PK file carefully, since others may be doing the same
# as us simultaneously.

mv $PKNAME $DESTDIR/pktmp.$$
cd $DESTDIR
mv pktmp.$$ $PKNAME

exit 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

ciao, Klaus
-- 
\ klaus@snarc.greenie.muc.de--kweidner@physik.tu-muenchen.de--2:246/55.4
\ .signature error -- quote dumped