<HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE >Execution Operators</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.44"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="PHP Manual" HREF="manual.html"><LINK REL="UP" TITLE="Operators" HREF="language.operators.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="Error control Operators" HREF="language.operators.errorcontrol.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="Incrementing/Decrementing Operators" HREF="language.operators.increment.html"></HEAD ><BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0000FF" VLINK="#840084" ALINK="#0000FF" ><DIV CLASS="NAVHEADER" ><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TH COLSPAN="3" ALIGN="center" >PHP Manual</TH ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="language.operators.errorcontrol.html" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="80%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" >Chapter 10. Operators</TD ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="language.operators.increment.html" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"></DIV ><DIV CLASS="sect1" ><H1 CLASS="sect1" ><A NAME="language.operators.execution" >Execution Operators</A ></H1 ><P > PHP supports one execution operator: backticks (``). Note that these are not single-quotes! PHP will attempt to execute the contents of the backticks as a shell command; the output will be returned (i.e., it won't simply be dumped to output; it can be assigned to a variable). <DIV CLASS="informalexample" ><P ></P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><PRE CLASS="programlisting" > 1 2 $output = `ls -al`; 3 echo "<pre>$output</pre>"; 4 </PRE ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><P ></P ></DIV > </P ><P > See also <A HREF="function.system.html" ><B CLASS="function" >system()</B ></A >, <A HREF="function.passthru.html" ><B CLASS="function" >passthru()</B ></A >, <A HREF="function.exec.html" ><B CLASS="function" >exec()</B ></A >, <A HREF="function.popen.html" ><B CLASS="function" >popen()</B ></A >, and <A HREF="function.escapeshellcmd.html" ><B CLASS="function" >escapeshellcmd()</B ></A >. </P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="NAVFOOTER" ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="language.operators.errorcontrol.html" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="manual.html" >Home</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="language.operators.increment.html" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" >Error control Operators</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="language.operators.html" >Up</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" >Incrementing/Decrementing Operators</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></BODY ></HTML >
