<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>dripwater</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="downsamp.html" title="downsamp" /> <link rel="next" href="dssiactivate.html" title="dssiactivate" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">dripwater</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="downsamp.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="dssiactivate.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry" title="dripwater"> <a id="dripwater"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexDripwater" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">dripwater</span> </h2> <p>dripwater — Semi-physical model of a water drop. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Description"> <a id="idp18631600"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>dripwater</em></span> is a semi-physical model of a water drop. It is one of the PhISEM percussion opcodes. PhISEM (Physically Informed Stochastic Event Modeling) is an algorithmic approach for simulating collisions of multiple independent sound producing objects. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Syntax"> <a id="idp18657968"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>dripwater</strong></span> kamp, idettack [, inum] [, idamp] [, imaxshake] [, ifreq] \ [, ifreq1] [, ifreq2]</pre> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Initialization"> <a id="idp18659240"></a> <h2>Initialization</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>idettack</em></span> -- period of time over which all sound is stopped </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>inum</em></span> (optional) -- The number of beads, teeth, bells, timbrels, etc. If zero, the default value is 10. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>idamp</em></span> (optional) -- the damping factor, as part of this equation: </p> <div class="literallayout"> <p>damping_amount = 0.996 + (idamp * 0.002)</p> </div> <p> </p> <p> The default <span class="emphasis"><em>damping_amount</em></span> is 0.996 which means that the default value of <span class="emphasis"><em>idamp</em></span> is 0. The maximum <span class="emphasis"><em>damping_amount</em></span> is 1.0 (no damping). This means the maximum value for <span class="emphasis"><em>idamp</em></span> is 2.0. </p> <p> The recommended range for <span class="emphasis"><em>idamp</em></span> is usually below 75% of the maximum value. Rasmus Ekman suggests a range of 1.4-1.75. He also suggests a maximum value of 1.9 instead of the theoretical limit of 2.0. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>imaxshake</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- amount of energy to add back into the system. The value should be in range 0 to 1. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ifreq</em></span> (optional) -- the main resonant frequency. The default value is 450. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ifreq1</em></span> (optional) -- the first resonant frequency. The default value is 600. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ifreq2</em></span> (optional) -- the second resonant frequency. The default value is 750. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Performance"> <a id="idp18666432"></a> <h2>Performance</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kamp</em></span> -- Amplitude of output. Note: As these instruments are stochastic, this is only an approximation. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Examples"> <a id="idp18667464"></a> <h2>Examples</h2> <p> Here is an example of the dripwater opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/dripwater.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">dripwater.csd</em></a>. </p> <div class="example"> <a id="idp18668384"></a> <p class="title"> <strong>Example 187. Example of the dripwater opcode.</strong> </p> <div class="example-contents"> <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p> <pre class="programlisting"> <span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span> <span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span> -odac <span class="comment">;;;realtime audio out</span> <span class="comment">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too</span> <span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span> <span class="comment">; -o dripwater.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span> <span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100 <span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32 <span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2 <span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1 <span class="oblock">instr</span> 1 imaxshake <span class="op">=</span> p4 ifreq <span class="op">=</span> p5 ifreq1 <span class="op">=</span> p6 ifreq2 <span class="op">=</span> p7 <span class="comment">;low amplitude</span> adrp <span class="opc">dripwater</span> .1, 0.09, 10, .9, imaxshake, ifreq, ifreq1, ifreq2 asig <span class="opc">clip</span> adrp, 2, 0.9 <span class="comment">; avoid drips that drip too loud</span> <span class="opc">outs</span> asig, asig <span class="oblock">endin</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span> {100 CNT <span class="stamnt">i</span>1 [0.1 * $CNT] 0.5 0.5 430 1000 800 } <span class="stamnt">e</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span> <span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span> </pre> </div> </div> <p><br class="example-break" /> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="See Also"> <a id="idp18670696"></a> <h2>See Also</h2> <p> <a class="link" href="bamboo.html" title="bamboo"><em class="citetitle">bamboo</em></a>, <a class="link" href="guiro.html" title="guiro"><em class="citetitle">guiro</em></a>, <a class="link" href="sleighbells.html" title="sleighbells"><em class="citetitle">sleighbells</em></a>, <a class="link" href="tambourine.html" title="tambourine"><em class="citetitle">tambourine</em></a> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Credits"> <a id="idp18673208"></a> <h2>Credits</h2> <p> </p> <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"> <tr> <td>Author: Perry Cook, part of the PhISEM (Physically Informed Stochastic Event Modeling)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Adapted by John ffitch</td> </tr> <tr> <td>University of Bath, Codemist Ltd.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Bath, UK</td> </tr> </table> <p> </p> <p>New in Csound version 4.07</p> <p>Added notes by Rasmus Ekman on May 2002.</p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="downsamp.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="dssiactivate.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">downsamp </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> dssiactivate</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>