<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>babo</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" />
<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" />
<link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" />
<link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" />
<link rel="prev" href="ATSsinnoi.html" title="ATSsinnoi" />
<link rel="next" href="balance.html" title="balance" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="navheader">
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
<tr>
<th colspan="3" align="center">babo</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ATSsinnoi.html">Prev</a> </td>
<th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th>
<td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="balance.html">Next</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr />
</div>
<div class="refentry" title="babo">
<a id="babo"></a>
<div class="titlepage"></div>
<a id="IndexBabo" class="indexterm"></a>
<div class="refnamediv">
<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">babo</span>
</h2>
<p>babo —
A physical model reverberator.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Description">
<a id="idp14297224"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>babo</em></span> stands for <span class="emphasis"><em>ba</em></span>ll-within-the-<span class="emphasis"><em>bo</em></span>x. It is a physical model reverberator based on the paper by Davide Rocchesso "The Ball within the Box: a sound-processing metaphor", Computer Music Journal, Vol 19, N.4, pp.45-47, Winter 1995.
</p>
<p>
The resonator geometry can be defined, along with some response characteristics, the position of the listener within the resonator, and the position of the sound source.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Syntax">
<a id="idp14301680"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis">a1, a2 <span class="command"><strong>babo</strong></span> asig, ksrcx, ksrcy, ksrcz, irx, iry, irz [, idiff] [, ifno]</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Initialization">
<a id="idp14302864"></a>
<h2>Initialization</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>irx, iry, irz</em></span> -- the coordinates of the geometry of the resonator (length of the edges in meters)
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>idiff</em></span> -- is the coefficient of diffusion at the walls, which regulates the amount of diffusion (0-1, where 0 = no diffusion, 1 = maximum diffusion - default: 1)
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>ifno</em></span> -- expert values function: a function number that holds all the additional parameters of the resonator. This is typically a GEN2--type function used in non-rescaling mode. They are as follows:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc">
<li class="listitem">
<p><span class="emphasis"><em>decay</em></span> -- main decay of the resonator (default: 0.99)</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p><span class="emphasis"><em>hydecay</em></span> -- high frequency decay of the resonator (default: 0.1)</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p><span class="emphasis"><em>rcvx, rcvy, rcvz</em></span> -- the coordinates of the position of the receiver (the listener) (in meters; 0,0,0 is the resonator center)</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p><span class="emphasis"><em>rdistance</em></span> -- the distance in meters between the two pickups (your ears, for example - default: 0.3)</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p><span class="emphasis"><em>direct</em></span> -- the attenuation of the direct signal (0-1, default: 0.5)</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p><span class="emphasis"><em>early_diff</em></span> -- the attenuation coefficient of the early reflections (0-1, default: 0.8)</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Performance">
<a id="idp14360400"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>asig</em></span> -- the input signal
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>ksrcx, ksrcy, ksrcz</em></span> -- the virtual coordinates of the source of sound (the input signal). These are allowed to move at k-rate and provide all the necessary variations in terms of response of the resonator.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Examples">
<a id="idp14362088"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is a simple example of the babo opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/babo.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">babo.csd</em></a>, and <a class="ulink" href="examples/beats.wav" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">beats.wav</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idp14363504"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 65. A simple example of the babo opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac <span class="comment">;;;RT audio out</span>
<span class="comment">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if RT audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o babo.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="op">/</span><span class="op">*</span> Written by Nicola Bernardini <span class="op">*</span><span class="op">/</span>
<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2
<span class="comment">; minimal babo instrument</span>
<span class="comment">;</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1
ix <span class="op">=</span> p4 <span class="comment">; x position of source</span>
iy <span class="op">=</span> p5 <span class="comment">; y position of source</span>
iz <span class="op">=</span> p6 <span class="comment">; z position of source</span>
ixsize <span class="op">=</span> p7 <span class="comment">; width of the resonator</span>
iysize <span class="op">=</span> p8 <span class="comment">; depth of the resonator</span>
izsize <span class="op">=</span> p9 <span class="comment">; height of the resonator</span>
ainput <span class="opc">soundin</span> "beats.wav"
al,ar <span class="opc">babo</span> ainput<span class="op">*</span>0.7, ix, iy, iz, ixsize, iysize, izsize
<span class="opc">outs</span> al,ar
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span>
/* Written by Nicola Bernardini */
<span class="comment">; simple babo usage:</span>
<span class="comment">;</span>
<span class="comment">;p4 : x position of source</span>
<span class="comment">;p5 : y position of source</span>
<span class="comment">;p6 : z position of source</span>
<span class="comment">;p7 : width of the resonator</span>
<span class="comment">;p8 : depth of the resonator</span>
<span class="comment">;p9 : height of the resonator</span>
<span class="comment">;</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 20 6 4 3 14.39 11.86 10
<span class="comment">; ^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^</span>
<span class="comment">; ||||||| ++++++++++++++: optimal room dims according to</span>
<span class="comment">; ||||||| Milner and Bernard JASA 85(2), 1989</span>
<span class="comment">; +++++++++: source position</span>
<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
</p>
<p>
Here is an advanced example of the babo opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/babo_expert.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">babo_expert.csd</em></a>, and <a class="ulink" href="examples/beats.wav" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">beats.wav</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idp14366744"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 66. An advanced example of the babo opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac <span class="comment">;;;RT audio out</span>
<span class="comment">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if RT audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o babo_expert.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="op">/</span><span class="op">*</span> Written by Nicola Bernardini <span class="op">*</span><span class="op">/</span>
<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2
<span class="comment">; full blown babo instrument with movement</span>
<span class="comment">;</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 2
ixstart <span class="op">=</span> p4 <span class="comment">; start x position of source (left-right)</span>
ixend <span class="op">=</span> p7 <span class="comment">; end x position of source</span>
iystart <span class="op">=</span> p5 <span class="comment">; start y position of source (front-back)</span>
iyend <span class="op">=</span> p8 <span class="comment">; end y position of source</span>
izstart <span class="op">=</span> p6 <span class="comment">; start z position of source (up-down)</span>
izend <span class="op">=</span> p9 <span class="comment">; end z position of source</span>
ixsize <span class="op">=</span> p10 <span class="comment">; width of the resonator</span>
iysize <span class="op">=</span> p11 <span class="comment">; depth of the resonator</span>
izsize <span class="op">=</span> p12 <span class="comment">; height of the resonator</span>
idiff <span class="op">=</span> p13 <span class="comment">; diffusion coefficient</span>
iexpert <span class="op">=</span> p14 <span class="comment">; power user values stored in this function</span>
ainput <span class="opc">soundin</span> "beats.wav"
ksource_x <span class="opc">line</span> ixstart, p3, ixend
ksource_y <span class="opc">line</span> iystart, p3, iyend
ksource_z <span class="opc">line</span> izstart, p3, izend
al,ar <span class="opc">babo</span> ainput<span class="op">*</span>0.7, ksource_x, ksource_y, ksource_z, ixsize, iysize, izsize, idiff, iexpert
<span class="opc">outs</span> al,ar
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span>
/* Written by Nicola Bernardini */
<span class="comment">; full blown instrument</span>
<span class="comment">;p4 : start x position of source (left-right)</span>
<span class="comment">;p5 : end x position of source</span>
<span class="comment">;p6 : start y position of source (front-back)</span>
<span class="comment">;p7 : end y position of source</span>
<span class="comment">;p8 : start z position of source (up-down)</span>
<span class="comment">;p9 : end z position of source</span>
<span class="comment">;p10 : width of the resonator</span>
<span class="comment">;p11 : depth of the resonator</span>
<span class="comment">;p12 : height of the resonator</span>
<span class="comment">;p13 : diffusion coefficient</span>
<span class="comment">;p14 : power user values stored in this function</span>
<span class="comment">; decay hidecay rx ry rz rdistance direct early_diff</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span>1 0 8 -2 0.95 0.95 0 0 0 0.3 0.5 0.8 <span class="comment">; brighter</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span>2 0 8 -2 0.95 0.5 0 0 0 0.3 0.5 0.8 <span class="comment">; default (to be set as)</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span>3 0 8 -2 0.95 0.01 0 0 0 0.3 0.5 0.8 <span class="comment">; darker</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span>4 0 8 -2 0.95 0.7 0 0 0 0.3 0.1 0.4 <span class="comment">; to hear the effect of diffusion</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span>5 0 8 -2 0.9 0.5 0 0 0 0.3 2.0 0.98 <span class="comment">; to hear the movement</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span>6 0 8 -2 0.99 0.1 0 0 0 0.3 0.5 0.8 <span class="comment">; default vals</span>
<span class="comment">; ^</span>
<span class="comment">; ----- gen. number: negative to avoid rescaling</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 0 10 6 4 3 6 4 3 14.39 11.86 10 1 6 <span class="comment">; defaults</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 + 4 6 4 3 6 4 3 14.39 11.86 10 1 1 <span class="comment">; hear brightness 1</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 + 4 6 4 3 -6 -4 3 14.39 11.86 10 1 2 <span class="comment">; hear brightness 2</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 + 4 6 4 3 -6 -4 3 14.39 11.86 10 1 3 <span class="comment">; hear brightness 3</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 + 3 .6 .4 .3 -.6 -.4 .3 1.439 1.186 1.0 0.0 4 <span class="comment">; hear diffusion 1</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 + 3 .6 .4 .3 -.6 -.4 .3 1.439 1.186 1.0 1.0 4 <span class="comment">; hear diffusion 2</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 + 4 12 4 3 -12 -4 -3 24.39 21.86 20 1 5 <span class="comment">; hear movement</span>
<span class="comment">;</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 + 4 6 4 3 6 4 3 14.39 11.86 10 1 1 <span class="comment">; hear brightness 1</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 + 4 6 4 3 -6 -4 3 14.39 11.86 10 1 2 <span class="comment">; hear brightness 2</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 + 4 6 4 3 -6 -4 3 14.39 11.86 10 1 3 <span class="comment">; hear brightness 3</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 + 3 .6 .4 .3 -.6 -.4 .3 1.439 1.186 1.0 0.0 4 <span class="comment">; hear diffusion 1</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 + 3 .6 .4 .3 -.6 -.4 .3 1.439 1.186 1.0 1.0 4 <span class="comment">; hear diffusion 2</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 + 4 12 4 3 -12 -4 -3 24.39 21.86 20 1 5 <span class="comment">; hear movement</span>
<span class="comment">; ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^ ^</span>
<span class="comment">; ||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||| | --: expert values function</span>
<span class="comment">; ||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||| +--: diffusion</span>
<span class="comment">; ||||||||||||||||||| ----------------: optimal room dims according to Milner and Bernard JASA 85(2), 1989</span>
<span class="comment">; |||||||||||||||||||</span>
<span class="comment">; --------------------: source position start and end</span>
<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Credits">
<a id="idp14367792"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
<p>
</p>
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
<tr>
<td>Author: Paolo Filippi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Padova, Italy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1999</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
<tr>
<td>Nicola Bernardini</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Rome, Italy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2000</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
</p>
<p>New in Csound version 4.09</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="navfooter">
<hr />
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ATSsinnoi.html">Prev</a> </td>
<td width="20%" align="center">
<a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a>
</td>
<td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="balance.html">Next</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">ATSsinnoi </td>
<td width="20%" align="center">
<a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a>
</td>
<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> balance</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
distrib
>
Mageia
>
5
>
x86_64
>
media
>
core-release
>
by-pkgid
>
b707d9a4ee443103660a75ccb6e51334
>
files
>
380
