<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>areson</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="ampmidid.html" title="ampmidid" /> <link rel="next" href="aresonk.html" title="aresonk" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">areson</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ampmidid.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="aresonk.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry" title="areson"> <a id="areson"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexAreson" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">areson</span> </h2> <p>areson — A notch filter whose transfer functions are the complements of the reson opcode. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Description"> <a id="idp13632272"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> A notch filter whose transfer functions are the complements of the reson opcode. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Syntax"> <a id="idp13619352"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>areson</strong></span> asig, kcf, kbw [, iscl] [, iskip]</pre> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Initialization"> <a id="idp13620480"></a> <h2>Initialization</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>iscl</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- coded scaling factor for resonators. A value of 1 signifies a peak response factor of 1, i.e. all frequencies other than kcf are attenuated in accordance with the (normalized) response curve. A value of 2 raises the response factor so that its overall RMS value equals 1. (This intended equalization of input and output power assumes all frequencies are physically present; hence it is most applicable to white noise.) A zero value signifies no scaling of the signal, leaving that to some later adjustment (see <a class="link" href="balance.html" title="balance"><em class="citetitle">balance</em></a>). The default value is 0. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>iskip</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- initial disposition of internal data space. Since filtering incorporates a feedback loop of previous output, the initial status of the storage space used is significant. A zero value will clear the space; a non-zero value will allow previous information to remain. The default value is 0. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Performance"> <a id="idp13672128"></a> <h2>Performance</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ares</em></span> -- the output signal at audio rate. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>asig</em></span> -- the input signal at audio rate. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kcf</em></span> -- the center frequency of the filter, or frequency position of the peak response. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kbw</em></span> -- bandwidth of the filter (the Hz difference between the upper and lower half-power points). </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>areson</em></span> is a filter whose transfer functions is the complement of <a class="link" href="reson.html" title="reson"><em class="citetitle">reson</em></a>. Thus <span class="emphasis"><em>areson</em></span> is a notch filter whose transfer functions represents the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">filtered out</span>”</span> aspects of their complements. However, power scaling is not normalized in <span class="emphasis"><em>areson</em></span> but remains the true complement of the corresponding unit. Thus an audio signal, filtered by parallel matching <span class="emphasis"><em>reson</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>areson</em></span> units, would under addition simply reconstruct the original spectrum. </p> <p> This property is particularly useful for controlled mixing of different sources (see <a class="link" href="lpreson.html" title="lpreson"><em class="citetitle">lpreson</em></a>). Complex response curves such as those with multiple peaks can be obtained by using a bank of suitable filters in series. (The resultant response is the product of the component responses.) In such cases, the combined attenuation may result in a serious loss of signal power, but this can be regained by the use of <a class="link" href="balance.html" title="balance"><em class="citetitle">balance</em></a>. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Examples"> <a id="idp13678816"></a> <h2>Examples</h2> <p> Here is an example of the areson opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/areson.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">areson.csd</em></a>. </p> <div class="example"> <a id="idp13679792"></a> <p class="title"> <strong>Example 50. Example of the areson opcode.</strong> </p> <div class="example-contents"> <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p> <pre class="programlisting"> <span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span> <span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span> -odac <span class="comment">;;;RT audio out</span> <span class="comment">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if RT audio input is needed too</span> <span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span> <span class="comment">; -o areson.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span> <span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100 <span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32 <span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2 <span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1 <span class="oblock">instr</span> 1 <span class="comment">; unfiltered noise</span> asig <span class="opc">rand</span> 0.5 <span class="comment">; white noise signal.</span> <span class="opc">outs</span> asig, asig <span class="oblock">endin</span> <span class="oblock">instr</span> 2 <span class="comment">; filtered noise</span> kcf <span class="opc">init</span> 1000 kbw <span class="opc">init</span> 100 asig <span class="opc">rand</span> 0.5 afil <span class="opc">areson</span> asig, kcf, kbw afil <span class="opc">balance</span> afil,asig <span class="comment">; afil = very loud</span> <span class="opc">outs</span> afil, afil <span class="oblock">endin</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span> <span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 2 <span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 2 2 <span class="stamnt">e</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span> <span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span> </pre> </div> </div> <p><br class="example-break" /> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="See Also"> <a id="idp13682096"></a> <h2>See Also</h2> <p> <a class="link" href="aresonk.html" title="aresonk"><em class="citetitle">aresonk</em></a>, <a class="link" href="atone.html" title="atone"><em class="citetitle">atone</em></a>, <a class="link" href="atonek.html" title="atonek"><em class="citetitle">atonek</em></a>, <a class="link" href="port.html" title="port"><em class="citetitle">port</em></a>, <a class="link" href="portk.html" title="portk"><em class="citetitle">portk</em></a>, <a class="link" href="reson.html" title="reson"><em class="citetitle">reson</em></a>, <a class="link" href="resonk.html" title="resonk"><em class="citetitle">resonk</em></a>, <a class="link" href="tone.html" title="tone"><em class="citetitle">tone</em></a>, <a class="link" href="tonek.html" title="tonek"><em class="citetitle">tonek</em></a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ampmidid.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="aresonk.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">ampmidid </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> aresonk</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>