<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>vrandi</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="vrandh.html" title="vrandh" /> <link rel="next" href="vstaudio.html" title="vstaudio, vstaudiog" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">vrandi</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="vrandh.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="vstaudio.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry" title="vrandi"> <a id="vrandi"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexVrandi" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">vrandi</span> </h2> <p>vrandi — Generate a sort of 'vectorial band-limited noise' </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Description"> <a id="idp52873568"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> Generate a sort of 'vectorial band-limited noise' </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Syntax"> <a id="idp52860544"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis"><span class="command"><strong>vrandi</strong></span> ifn, krange, kcps, ielements [, idstoffset] [, iseed] \ [, isize] [, ioffset]</pre> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Initialization"> <a id="idp52861632"></a> <h2>Initialization</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ifn</em></span> - number of the table where the vectorial signal will be generated </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ielements</em></span> - number of elements to process </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>idstoffset</em></span> - (optional, default=0) -- index offset for the destination table </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>iseed</em></span> (optional, default=0.5) -- seed value for the recursive pseudo-random formula. A value between 0 and +1 will produce an initial output of <span class="emphasis"><em>kamp</em></span> * <span class="emphasis"><em>iseed</em></span>. A negative value will cause seed re-initialization to be skipped. A value greater than 1 will seed from system time, this is the best option to generate a different random sequence for each run. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>isize</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- if zero, a 16 bit number is generated. If non-zero, a 31-bit random number is generated. Default is 0. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ioffset</em></span> - (optional, default=0) -- a base value added to the random result. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Performance"> <a id="idp52917040"></a> <h2>Performance</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>krange</em></span> - range of random elements (from -<span class="emphasis"><em>krange</em></span> to <span class="emphasis"><em>krange</em></span>) </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kcps</em></span> - rate of generated elements in cycles per seconds </p> <p> This opcode is similar to <a class="link" href="randi.html" title="randi"><em class="citetitle">randi</em></a>, but operates on vectors instead of with scalar values. </p> <p> Though argument <span class="emphasis"><em>isize</em></span> defaults to 0, thus using a 16-bit random number generator, using the newer 31-bit algorithm is recommended, as this will produce a random sequence with a longer period (more random numbers before the sequence starts repeating). </p> <p> The output is a vector contained in <span class="emphasis"><em>ifn</em></span> (that must be previously allocated). </p> <p> All these operators are designed to be used together with other opcodes that operate with vector such as bmscan, <a class="link" href="adsynt.html" title="adsynt"><em class="citetitle">adsynt</em></a>, etc. </p> <p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note:</em></span> bmscan not yet available on Canonical Csound </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Examples"> <a id="idp52921904"></a> <h2>Examples</h2> <p> Here is an example of the vrandi opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/vrandi.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">vrandi.csd</em></a>. </p> <div class="example"> <a id="idp52922872"></a> <p class="title"> <strong>Example 970. Example of the vrandi opcode.</strong> </p> <div class="example-contents"> <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p> <pre class="programlisting"> <span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span> <span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span> <span class="comment">; Audio out Audio in No messages</span> -odac -iadc -d <span class="comment">;;;RT audio I/O</span> <span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span> <span class="comment">; -o vrandi.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span> <span class="ohdr">sr</span><span class="op">=</span>44100 <span class="ohdr">ksmps</span><span class="op">=</span>128 <span class="ohdr">nchnls</span><span class="op">=</span>2 <span class="comment">;Example by Andres Cabrera</span> gitab <span class="ohdr">ftgen</span> 0, 0, 16, <span class="op">-</span>7, 0, 128, 0 <span class="oblock">instr</span> 1 krange <span class="opc">init</span> p4 kcps <span class="opc">init</span> p5 ioffset <span class="opc">init</span> p6 <span class="comment">; table krange kcps ielements idstoffset iseed isize ioffset</span> <span class="opc">vrandi</span> gitab, krange, kcps, 3, 3, 2, 1, ioffset kfreq1 <span class="opc">table</span> 3, gitab kfreq2 <span class="opc">table</span> 4, gitab kfreq3 <span class="opc">table</span> 5, gitab <span class="comment">;Change the frequency of three oscillators according to the random values</span> aosc1 <span class="opc">oscili</span> 4000, kfreq1, 1 aosc2 <span class="opc">oscili</span> 2000, kfreq2, 1 aosc3 <span class="opc">oscili</span> 4000, kfreq3, 1 <span class="opc">outs</span> aosc1<span class="op">+</span>aosc2, aosc3<span class="op">+</span>aosc2 <span class="oblock">endin</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span> <span class="stamnt">f</span> 1 0 2048 10 1 <span class="comment">; krange kcps ioffset</span> <span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 5 100 1 300 <span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 5 5 5 1 400 <span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 10 5 100 2 1000 <span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 15 5 400 4 1000 <span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 20 5 1000 8 2000 <span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 20 5 300 32 350 <span class="stamnt">e</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span> <span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span> </pre> </div> </div> <p><br class="example-break" /> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="See also"> <a id="idp52925144"></a> <h2>See also</h2> <p> <a class="link" href="vrandh.html" title="vrandh"><em class="citetitle">vrandh</em></a>, <a class="link" href="randi.html" title="randi"><em class="citetitle">randi</em></a> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Credits"> <a id="idp52926640"></a> <h2>Credits</h2> <p>Written by Gabriel Maldonado.</p> <p>New in Csound 5 (Previously available only on CsoundAV)</p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="vrandh.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="vstaudio.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">vrandh </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> vstaudio, vstaudiog</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>