<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>vbap16</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="vbapg.html" title="vbapg" /> <link rel="next" href="vbap16move.html" title="vbap16move" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">vbap16</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="vbapg.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="vbap16move.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry" title="vbap16"> <a id="vbap16"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexVbap16" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">vbap16</span> </h2> <p>vbap16 — Distributes an audio signal among 16 channels. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Description"> <a id="idp50372560"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> Distributes an audio signal among 16 channels. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Syntax"> <a id="idp50366280"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis">ar1, ..., ar16 <span class="command"><strong>vbap16</strong></span> asig, kazim [, kelev] [, kspread]</pre> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Performance"> <a id="idp50367584"></a> <h2>Performance</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>asig</em></span> -- audio signal to be panned </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kazim</em></span> -- azimuth angle of the virtual source </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kelev</em></span> (optional) -- elevation angle of the virtual source </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kspread</em></span> (optional) -- spreading of the virtual source (range 0 - 100). If value is zero, conventional amplitude panning is used. When <span class="emphasis"><em>kspread</em></span> is increased, the number of loudspeakers used in panning increases. If value is 100, the sound is applied to all loudspeakers. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>vbap16</em></span> takes an input signal, <span class="emphasis"><em>asig</em></span>, and distribute it among 16 outputs, according to the controls <span class="emphasis"><em>kazim</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>kelev</em></span>, and the configured loudspeaker placement. If <span class="emphasis"><em>idim</em></span> = 2, <span class="emphasis"><em>kelev</em></span> is set to zero. The distribution is performed using Vector Base Amplitude Panning (VBAP - See reference). VBAP distributes the signal using loudspeaker data configured with <span class="emphasis"><em>vbaplsinit</em></span>. The signal is applied to, at most, two loudspeakers in 2-D loudspeaker configurations, and three loudspeakers in 3-D loudspeaker configurations. If the virtual source is panned outside the region spanned by loudspeakers, the nearest loudspeakers are used in panning. </p> <div class="warning" title="Warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"> <table border="0" summary="Warning"> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"> <img alt="[Warning]" src="images/warning.png" /> </td> <th align="left">Warning</th> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"> <p>Please note that all <span class="emphasis"><em>vbap</em></span> panning opcodes require the <span class="emphasis"><em>vbap</em></span> system to be initialized using <a class="link" href="vbaplsinit.html" title="vbaplsinit"><em class="citetitle">vbaplsinit</em></a>.</p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Examples"> <a id="idp50432840"></a> <h2>Examples</h2> <p> See the entry for <a class="link" href="vbap8.html" title="vbap8"><em class="citetitle">vbap8</em></a> for an example of usage of the <span class="emphasis"><em>vbap</em></span> opcodes. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Reference"> <a id="idp50434200"></a> <h2>Reference</h2> <p> Ville Pulkki: <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Virtual Sound Source Positioning Using Vector Base Amplitude Panning</span>”</span> <span class="emphasis"><em>Journal of the Audio Engineering Society</em></span>, 1997 June, Vol. 45/6, p. 456. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="See Also"> <a id="idp50435384"></a> <h2>See Also</h2> <p> <a class="link" href="vbap16move.html" title="vbap16move"><em class="citetitle">vbap16move</em></a>, <a class="link" href="vbap4.html" title="vbap4"><em class="citetitle">vbap4</em></a>, <a class="link" href="vbap4move.html" title="vbap4move"><em class="citetitle">vbap4move</em></a>, <a class="link" href="vbap8.html" title="vbap8"><em class="citetitle">vbap8</em></a>, <a class="link" href="vbap8move.html" title="vbap8move"><em class="citetitle">vbap8move</em></a>, <a class="link" href="vbaplsinit.html" title="vbaplsinit"><em class="citetitle">vbaplsinit</em></a>, <a class="link" href="vbapz.html" title="vbapz"><em class="citetitle">vbapz</em></a>, <a class="link" href="vbapzmove.html" title="vbapzmove"><em class="citetitle">vbapzmove</em></a> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Credits"> <a id="idp50439800"></a> <h2>Credits</h2> <p> </p> <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"> <tr> <td>Author: Ville Pulkki</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Sibelius Academy Computer Music Studio</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Laboratory of Acoustics and Audio Signal Processing</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Helsinki University of Technology</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Helsinki, Finland</td> </tr> <tr> <td>May 2000</td> </tr> </table> <p> </p> <p>New in Csound Version 4.07. Input parameters accept k-rate since Csound 5.09.</p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="vbapg.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="vbap16move.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">vbapg </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> vbap16move</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>