<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>tempo</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" />
<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" />
<link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" />
<link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" />
<link rel="prev" href="tempest.html" title="tempest" />
<link rel="next" href="temposcal.html" title="temposcal" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="navheader">
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
<tr>
<th colspan="3" align="center">tempo</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="tempest.html">Prev</a> </td>
<th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th>
<td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="temposcal.html">Next</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr />
</div>
<div class="refentry" title="tempo">
<a id="tempo"></a>
<div class="titlepage"></div>
<a id="IndexTempo" class="indexterm"></a>
<div class="refnamediv">
<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">tempo</span>
</h2>
<p>tempo —
Apply tempo control to an uninterpreted score.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Description">
<a id="idp48709712"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
Apply tempo control to an uninterpreted score.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Syntax">
<a id="idp48710448"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis"><span class="command"><strong>tempo</strong></span> ktempo, istartempo</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Initialization">
<a id="idp48755904"></a>
<h2>Initialization</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>istartempo</em></span> -- initial tempo (in beats per minute). Typically 60.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Performance">
<a id="idp48756856"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>ktempo</em></span> -- The tempo to which the score will be adjusted.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>tempo</em></span> allows the performance speed of Csound scored events to be controlled from within an orchestra. It operates only in the presence of the Csound <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html#FlagsMinusLowerT"><em class="citetitle">-t</em></a> flag. When that flag is set, scored events will be performed from their uninterpreted p2 and p3 (beat) parameters, initially at the given command-line tempo. When a <span class="emphasis"><em>tempo</em></span> statement is activated in any instrument (<span class="emphasis"><em>ktempo</em></span> 0.), the operating tempo will be adjusted to <span class="emphasis"><em>ktempo</em></span> beats per minute. There may be any number of <span class="emphasis"><em>tempo</em></span> statements in an orchestra, but coincident activation is best avoided.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Examples">
<a id="idp48760240"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is an example of the tempo opcode. Remember, it only works if you use the <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html#FlagsMinusLowerT"><em class="citetitle">-t</em></a> flag with Csound. The example uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/tempo.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">tempo.csd</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idp48761736"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 875. Example of the tempo opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
<span class="comment">; Audio out Audio in</span>
-odac -iadc -t60 <span class="comment">;;;RT audio I/O</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o tempo.wav -W -t60 ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="comment">; Initialize the global variables.</span>
<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">kr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 4410
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 10
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1
<span class="comment">; Instrument #1.</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1
kval <span class="opc">tempoval</span>
<span class="opc">printk</span> 0.1, kval
<span class="comment">; If the fourth p-field is 1, increase the tempo.</span>
<span class="octrl">if</span> (p4 <span class="op">==</span> 1) <span class="octrl">kgoto</span> <span class="olabel">speedup</span>
<span class="octrl">kgoto</span> <span class="olabel">playit</span>
<span class="olabel">speedup</span><span class="op">:</span>
<span class="comment">; Increase the tempo to 150 beats per minute.</span>
<span class="opc">tempo</span> 150, 60
<span class="olabel">playit</span><span class="op">:</span>
a1 <span class="opc">oscil</span> 10000, 440, 1
<span class="opc">out</span> a1
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span>
<span class="comment">; Table #1, a sine wave.</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span> 1 0 16384 10 1
<span class="comment">; p4 = plays at a faster tempo (when p4=1).</span>
<span class="comment">; Play Instrument #1 at the normal tempo, repeat 3 times.</span>
<span class="stamnt">r</span>3
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 00.00 00.25 0
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 00.25 00.25 0
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 00.50 00.25 0
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 00.75 00.25 0
<span class="stamnt">s</span>
<span class="comment">; Play Instrument #1 at a faster tempo, repeat 3 times.</span>
<span class="stamnt">r</span>3
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 00.00 00.25 1
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 00.25 00.25 0
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 00.50 00.25 0
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 00.75 00.25 0
<span class="stamnt">s</span>
<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="See Also">
<a id="idp48764040"></a>
<h2>See Also</h2>
<p>
<a class="link" href="tempoval.html" title="tempoval"><em class="citetitle">tempoval</em></a>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Credits">
<a id="idp48765088"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
<p>Example written by Kevin Conder.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="navfooter">
<hr />
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="tempest.html">Prev</a> </td>
<td width="20%" align="center">
<a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a>
</td>
<td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="temposcal.html">Next</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">tempest </td>
<td width="20%" align="center">
<a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a>
</td>
<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> temposcal</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
distrib
>
Mageia
>
5
>
x86_64
>
media
>
core-release
>
by-pkgid
>
b707d9a4ee443103660a75ccb6e51334
>
files
>
2742
