<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>randi</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" />
<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" />
<link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" />
<link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" />
<link rel="prev" href="randh.html" title="randh" />
<link rel="next" href="random.html" title="random" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="navheader">
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
<tr>
<th colspan="3" align="center">randi</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="randh.html">Prev</a> </td>
<th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th>
<td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="random.html">Next</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr />
</div>
<div class="refentry" title="randi">
<a id="randi"></a>
<div class="titlepage"></div>
<a id="IndexRandi" class="indexterm"></a>
<div class="refnamediv">
<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">randi</span>
</h2>
<p>rand —
Generates a controlled random number series with interpolation between each new number.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Description">
<a id="idp39861512"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
Generates a controlled random number series with interpolation between each new number.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Syntax">
<a id="idp39862328"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>randi</strong></span> xamp, xcps [, iseed] [, isize] [, ioffset]</pre>
<pre class="synopsis">kres <span class="command"><strong>randi</strong></span> kamp, kcps [, iseed] [, isize] [, ioffset]</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Initialization">
<a id="idp39873600"></a>
<h2>Initialization</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>iseed</em></span> (optional, default=0.5) -- seed value for the recursive pseudo-random formula. A value between 0 and +1 will produce an initial output of <span class="emphasis"><em>kamp * iseed.</em></span> A negative value will cause seed re-initialization to be skipped. A value greater than 1 will seed from system time, this is the best option to generate a different random sequence for each run.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>isize</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- if zero, a 16 bit number is generated. If non-zero, a 31-bit random number is generated. Default is 0.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>ioffset</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- a base value added to the random result. New in Csound version 4.03.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Performance">
<a id="idp39913112"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kamp, xamp</em></span> -- range over which random numbers are distributed.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kcps, xcps</em></span> -- the frequency which new random numbers are generated.
</p>
<p>
The internal pseudo-random formula produces values which are uniformly distributed over the range <span class="emphasis"><em>kamp</em></span> to <span class="emphasis"><em>-kamp</em></span>. <span class="emphasis"><em>rand</em></span> will thus generate uniform white noise with an R.M.S value of <span class="emphasis"><em>kamp / root 2</em></span>.
</p>
<p>
The remaining units produce band-limited noise: the <span class="emphasis"><em>kcps</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>xcps</em></span> parameters permit the user to specify that new random numbers are to be generated at a rate less than the sampling or control frequencies. <span class="emphasis"><em>randi</em></span> will produce straight-line interpolation between each new number and the next.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Examples">
<a id="idp39917112"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is an example of the randi opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/randi.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">randi.csd</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idp39918088"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 698. Example of the randi opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac <span class="comment">;;;realtime audio out</span>
<span class="comment">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if RT audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o randi.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2
<span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1 <span class="comment">;same values every time</span>
krnd <span class="opc">randi</span> 100, 10
<span class="opc">printk</span> .5, krnd <span class="comment">; look </span>
aout <span class="opc">oscili</span> 0.8, 440<span class="op">+</span>krnd, 1 <span class="comment">; & listen</span>
<span class="opc">outs</span> aout, aout
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 2 <span class="comment">;different values every time</span>
krnd <span class="opc">randi</span> 100, 10, 10 <span class="comment">; seed from system clock</span>
<span class="opc">printk</span> .5, krnd <span class="comment">; look </span>
aout <span class="opc">oscili</span> 0.8, 440<span class="op">+</span>krnd, 1 <span class="comment">; & listen</span>
<span class="opc">outs</span> aout, aout
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span> 1 0 16384 10 1 <span class="comment">;sine wave.</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 1
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 2 1
<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
</p>
<p>
The example will produce the following output:
</p>
<pre class="screen">
i 1 time 0.00067: 50.00000
i 1 time 0.50000: -75.81672
i 1 time 1.00000: 95.93833
WARNING: Seeding from current time 1482746120
i 2 time 2.00067: -17.94434
i 2 time 2.50000: -14.11875
i 2 time 3.00000: -72.41545
</pre>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="See Also">
<a id="idp39921632"></a>
<h2>See Also</h2>
<p>
<a class="link" href="rand.html" title="rand"><em class="citetitle">rand</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="randh.html" title="randh"><em class="citetitle">randh</em></a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="navfooter">
<hr />
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="randh.html">Prev</a> </td>
<td width="20%" align="center">
<a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a>
</td>
<td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="random.html">Next</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">randh </td>
<td width="20%" align="center">
<a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a>
</td>
<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> random</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
distrib
>
Mageia
>
5
>
x86_64
>
media
>
core-release
>
by-pkgid
>
b707d9a4ee443103660a75ccb6e51334
>
files
>
2496
