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<div class="refentry" title="pvswarp">
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<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">pvswarp</span>
</h2>
<p>pvswarp —
Warp the spectral envelope of a PVS signal
</p>
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<div class="refsect1" title="Description">
<a id="idp39408112"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
Warp the spectral envelope of a PVS signal by means of shifting and scaling.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Syntax">
<a id="idp39408800"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis">fsig <span class="command"><strong>pvswarp</strong></span> fsigin, kscal, kshift[, klowest, kmeth, kgain, kcoefs]</pre>
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<div class="refsect1" title="Performance">
<a id="idp39409880"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>fsig</em></span> -- output pv stream
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>fsigin</em></span> -- input pv stream
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kscal</em></span> -- spectral envelope scaling ratio. Values > 1 stretch the envelope and < 1 compress it.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kshift</em></span> -- spectral envelope shift, values > 0 shift the envelope linearly upwards and values < 1 shift it downwards.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>klowest</em></span> -- lowest frequency shifted (affects only kshift, defaults to 0).
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kmethod</em></span> -- spectral envelope extraction method
1: liftered cepstrum method; 2: true envelope method
(defaults to 1).
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kgain</em></span> -- amplitude scaling (defaults to 1).
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kcoefs</em></span> -- number of cepstrum coefs used in formant preservation (defaults to 80).
</p>
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<th align="left">Warning</th>
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<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>
It is unsafe to use the same f-variable for both input and output of pvs opcodes. Using the same one might lead to undefined behavior on some opcodes. Use a different one on the left and right sides of the opcode.
</p>
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<div class="refsect1" title="Examples">
<a id="idp39458936"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is an example of the pvswarp opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/pvswarp.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">pvswarp.csd</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idp39459912"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 681. Example of the pvswarp opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac <span class="comment">;;;realtime audio out</span>
<span class="comment">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o pvswarp.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2
<span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1
kscal <span class="op">=</span> p4
asig <span class="opc">soundin</span> "fox.wav" <span class="comment">; get the signal in</span>
fsig <span class="opc">pvsanal</span> asig, 1024, 256, 1024, 1 <span class="comment">; analyse it</span>
ftps <span class="opc">pvswarp</span> fsig, kscal, 0 <span class="comment">; warp it</span>
atps <span class="opc">pvsynth</span> ftps <span class="comment">; synthesise it </span>
<span class="opc">outs</span> atps, atps
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 3 1
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 + 3 1.5
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 + 3 3
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 + 3 .25
<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
</p>
<p>Used with vocal sounds, it will shift the formants and result in a changed vowel timbre, similar to the effect of a singer inhaling helium (the 'donald duck' effect).</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="See Also">
<a id="idp39462560"></a>
<h2>See Also</h2>
<p>
<a class="link" href="pvsanal.html" title="pvsanal"><em class="citetitle">pvsanal</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="pvsynth.html" title="pvsynth"><em class="citetitle">pvsynth</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="pvsadsyn.html" title="pvsadsyn"><em class="citetitle">pvsadsyn</em></a>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Credits">
<a id="idp39464536"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
<p>
</p>
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
<tr>
<td>Author: Victor Lazzarini</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>November 2004 </td>
</tr>
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<p>
</p>
<p>New plugin in version 5</p>
<p>November 2004.</p>
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