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<div class="refentry" title="printk">
<a id="printk"></a>
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<a id="IndexPrintk" class="indexterm"></a>
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<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">printk</span>
</h2>
<p>printk —
Prints one k-rate value at specified intervals.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Description">
<a id="idp37204144"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
Prints one k-rate value at specified intervals.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Syntax">
<a id="idp37204800"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis"><span class="command"><strong>printk</strong></span> itime, kval [, ispace]</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Initialization">
<a id="idp37215152"></a>
<h2>Initialization</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>itime</em></span> -- time in seconds between printings.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>ispace</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- number of spaces to insert before printing. (default: 0, max: 130)
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Performance">
<a id="idp37216464"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kval</em></span> -- The k-rate values to be printed.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>printk</em></span> prints one k-rate value on every k-cycle, every second or at intervals specified. First the instrument number is printed, then the absolute time in seconds, then a specified number of spaces, then the <span class="emphasis"><em>kval</em></span> value. The variable number of spaces enables different values to be spaced out across the screen - so they are easier to view.
</p>
<p>
This opcode can be run on every k-cycle it is run in the instrument. To every accomplish this, set <span class="emphasis"><em>itime</em></span> to 0.
</p>
<p>
When <span class="emphasis"><em>itime</em></span> is not 0, the opcode print on the first k-cycle it is called, and subsequently when every <span class="emphasis"><em>itime</em></span> period has elapsed. The time cycles start from the time the opcode is initialized - typically the initialization of the instrument.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Examples">
<a id="idp37219624"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is an example of the printk opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/printk.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">printk.csd</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idp37254544"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 617. Example of the printk opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
<span class="comment">; Audio out Audio in</span>
-odac -iadc <span class="comment">;;;RT audio I/O</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o printk.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="comment">; Initialize the global variables.</span>
<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">kr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1
<span class="comment">; Instrument #1.</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1
<span class="comment">; Change a value linearly from 0 to 100,</span>
<span class="comment">; over the period defined by p3.</span>
kval <span class="opc">line</span> 0, p3, 100
<span class="comment">; Print the value of kval, once per second.</span>
<span class="opc">printk</span> 1, kval
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span>
<span class="comment">; Play Instrument #1 for 5 seconds.</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 5
<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
Its output should include lines like this:
</p>
<pre class="screen">
i 1 time 0.00002: 0.00000
i 1 time 1.00002: 20.01084
i 1 time 2.00002: 40.02999
i 1 time 3.00002: 60.04914
i 1 time 4.00002: 79.93327</pre>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="See Also">
<a id="idp37257384"></a>
<h2>See Also</h2>
<p>
<a class="link" href="printk2.html" title="printk2"><em class="citetitle">printk2</em></a> and
<a class="link" href="printks.html" title="printks"><em class="citetitle">printks</em></a>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Credits">
<a id="idp37258904"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
<p>
</p>
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
<tr>
<td>Author: Robin Whittle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Australia</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>May 1997</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
</p>
<p>Example written by Kevin Conder.</p>
<p>Thanks goes to Luis Jure for pointing out a mistake with the <span class="emphasis"><em>itime</em></span> parameter.</p>
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