<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>pitch</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="pinkish.html" title="pinkish" /> <link rel="next" href="pitchamdf.html" title="pitchamdf" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">pitch</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="pinkish.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="pitchamdf.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry" title="pitch"> <a id="pitch"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexPitch" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">pitch</span> </h2> <p>pitch — Tracks the pitch of a signal. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Description"> <a id="idp36330320"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> Using the same techniques as <a class="link" href="spectrum.html" title="spectrum"><em class="citetitle">spectrum</em></a> and <a class="link" href="specptrk.html" title="specptrk"><em class="citetitle">specptrk</em></a>, pitch tracks the pitch of the signal in octave point decimal form, and amplitude in dB. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Syntax"> <a id="idp36380672"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis">koct, kamp <span class="command"><strong>pitch</strong></span> asig, iupdte, ilo, ihi, idbthresh [, ifrqs] [, iconf] \ [, istrt] [, iocts] [, iq] [, inptls] [, irolloff] [, iskip]</pre> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Initialization"> <a id="idp36382056"></a> <h2>Initialization</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>iupdte</em></span> -- length of period, in seconds, that outputs are updated </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ilo</em></span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>ihi</em></span> -- range in which pitch is detected, expressed in octave point decimal </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>idbthresh</em></span> -- amplitude, expressed in decibels, necessary for the pitch to be detected. Once started it continues until it is 6 dB down. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ifrqs</em></span> (optional) -- number of divisons of an octave. Default is 12 and is limited to 120. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>iconf</em></span> (optional) -- the number of conformations needed for an octave jump. Default is 10. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>istrt</em></span> (optional) -- starting pitch for tracker. Default value is (<span class="emphasis"><em>ilo</em></span> + <span class="emphasis"><em>ihi</em></span>)/2. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>iocts</em></span> (optional) -- number of octave decimations in spectrum. Default is 6. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>iq</em></span> (optional) -- Q of analysis filters. Default is 10. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>inptls</em></span> (optional) -- number of harmonics, used in matching. Computation time increases with the number of harmonics. Default is 4. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>irolloff</em></span> (optional) -- amplitude rolloff for the set of filters expressed as fraction per octave. Values must be positive. Default is 0.6. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>iskip</em></span> (optional) -- if non-zero, skips initialization. Default is 0. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Performance"> <a id="idp36389664"></a> <h2>Performance</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>koct</em></span> -- The pitch output, given in the octave point decimal format. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kamp</em></span> -- The amplitude output. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>pitch</em></span> analyzes the input signal, <span class="emphasis"><em>asig</em></span>, to give a pitch/amplitude pair of outputs, for the strongest frequency in the signal. The value is updated every <span class="emphasis"><em>iupdte</em></span> seconds. </p> <p> The number of partials and rolloff fraction can effect the pitch tracking, so some experimentation may be necessary. Suggested values are 4 or 5 harmonics, with rolloff 0.6, up to 10 or 12 harmonics with rolloff 0.75 for complex timbres, with a weak fundamental. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Examples"> <a id="idp36392912"></a> <h2>Examples</h2> <p> Here is an example of the pitch opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/pitch.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">pitch.csd</em></a>. </p> <div class="example"> <a id="idp36393888"></a> <p class="title"> <strong>Example 593. Example of the pitch opcode.</strong> </p> <div class="example-contents"> <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p> <pre class="programlisting"> <span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span> <span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span> -odac <span class="comment">;;;realtime audio out</span> <span class="comment">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if real audio input is needed too</span> <span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span> <span class="comment">; -o pitch.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span> <span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100 <span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32 <span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2 <span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1 <span class="oblock">instr</span> 1 <span class="comment">;clean audio</span> asig <span class="opc">soundin</span> p4 <span class="opc">outs</span> asig, asig <span class="oblock">endin</span> <span class="oblock">instr</span> 2 <span class="comment">;use pitch</span> iupdte <span class="op">=</span> 0.001 <span class="comment">;high definition</span> ilo <span class="op">=</span> 6 ihi <span class="op">=</span> 10 idbthresh <span class="op">=</span> 10 ifrqs <span class="op">=</span> 12 iconf <span class="op">=</span> 10 istrt <span class="op">=</span> 8 asig <span class="opc">soundin</span> p4 koct, kamp <span class="opc">pitch</span> asig, iupdte, ilo, ihi, idbthresh, ifrqs, iconf, istrt kamp <span class="op">=</span> kamp<span class="op">*</span>.00005 <span class="comment">;lower volume</span> kcps <span class="op">=</span> <span class="opc">cpsoct</span>(koct) asig <span class="opc">poscil</span> kamp, kcps, 1 <span class="comment">;re-synthesize with sawtooth</span> <span class="opc">outs</span> asig, asig <span class="oblock">endin</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span> <span class="stamnt">f</span>1 0 16384 10 1 0.5 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.167 0.14 0.125 .111 <span class="comment">;sawtooth</span> <span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 3 "fox.wav" <span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 3 3 "fox.wav" <span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 6 3 "mary.wav" <span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 9 3 "mary.wav" <span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 12 3 "beats.wav" <span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 15 3 "beats.wav" <span class="stamnt">e</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span> <span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span> </pre> </div> </div> <p><br class="example-break" /> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Credits"> <a id="idp36396192"></a> <h2>Credits</h2> <p> </p> <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"> <tr> <td>Author: John ffitch</td> </tr> <tr> <td>University of Bath, Codemist Ltd.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Bath, UK</td> </tr> <tr> <td>April 1999</td> </tr> </table> <p> </p> <p>New in Csound version 3.54</p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="pinkish.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="pitchamdf.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">pinkish </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> pitchamdf</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>