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<div class="refentry" title="modmatrix">
<a id="modmatrix"></a>
<div class="titlepage"></div>
<a id="IndexModmatrix" class="indexterm"></a>
<div class="refnamediv">
<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">modmatrix</span>
</h2>
<p>modmatrix —
Modulation matrix opcode with optimizations for sparse matrices.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Description">
<a id="idp32033312"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
The opcode can be used to let a large number of k-rate modulator
variables modulate a large number of k-rate parameter variables,
with arbitrary scaling of each modulator-to-parameter
connection. Csound ftables are used to hold both the input
(parameter) variables, the modulator variables, and the scaling
coefficients. Output variables are written to another Csound ftable.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Syntax">
<a id="idp32034328"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis"><span class="command"><strong>modmatrix</strong></span> iresfn, isrcmodfn, isrcparmfn, imodscale, inum_mod, \\
inum_parm, kupdate</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Initialization">
<a id="idp32044928"></a>
<h2>Initialization</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>iresfn</em></span> -- ftable number for the parameter output variables
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>isrcmodfn</em></span> -- ftable number for the modulation source variables
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>isrcparmfn</em></span> -- ftable number for the parameter input variables
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>imodscale</em></span> -- scaling/routing coefficient
matrix. This is also a csound ftable, used as a matrix of
inum_mod rows and inum_parm columns.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>inum_mod</em></span> -- number of modulation variables
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>inum_parm</em></span> -- number of parmeter (input and
output) variables.
</p>
<p>
The arguments <span class="emphasis"><em>inum_mod</em></span>
and <span class="emphasis"><em>inum_parm</em></span> do not have to be set to
power-of-two values.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Performance">
<a id="idp32048912"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kupdate</em></span> -- flag to update the scaling
coefficients. When the flag is set to a nonzero value, the
scaling coefficients are read directly from the imodscale
ftable. When the flag is set to zero, the scaling coefficients
are scanned, and an optimized scaling matrix stored internally
in the opcode.
</p>
<p>
For each modulator in <span class="emphasis"><em>isrcmodfn</em></span>, scale it
with the coefficient (in <span class="emphasis"><em>imodscale</em></span>)
determining to what degree it should influence each
parameter. Then sum all modulators for each parameter and add
the resulting modulator value to the input parameter value read from
<span class="emphasis"><em>iscparmfn</em></span>. Finally, write the output
parameter values to table <span class="emphasis"><em>iresfn</em></span>.
</p>
<p>
The following tables give insight into the processing performed
by the modmatrix opcode, for a simplified example using 3
parameter and 2 modulators. Let’s call the parameters
"cps1", "cps2", and "cutoff", and
the modulators "lfo1" and "lfo2".
</p>
<p>
The input variables may at a given point in time have these
values:
</p>
<div class="table">
<a id="modmatrix-table1"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Table 13. </strong>
</p>
<div class="table-contents">
<table border="1">
<colgroup>
<col />
<col />
<col />
<col />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th> </th>
<th>cps1</th>
<th>cps2</th>
<th>cutoff</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="emphasis">
<em>isrcparmfn</em>
</span>
</td>
<td>400</td>
<td>800</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="table-break" />
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
... while the modulator variables have these values:
</p>
<div class="table">
<a id="modmatrix-table2"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Table 14. </strong>
</p>
<div class="table-contents">
<table border="1">
<colgroup>
<col />
<col />
<col />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th> </th>
<th>lfo1</th>
<th>lfo2</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="emphasis">
<em>isrcmodfn</em>
</span>
</td>
<td>0.5</td>
<td>-0.2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="table-break" />
</p>
<p>
The scaling/routing coefficients used:
</p>
<div class="table">
<a id="modmatrix-table3"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Table 15. </strong>
</p>
<div class="table-contents">
<table border="1">
<colgroup>
<col />
<col />
<col />
<col />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>
<span class="emphasis">
<em>imodscale</em>
</span>
</th>
<th>cps1</th>
<th>cps2</th>
<th>cutoff</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="emphasis">
<em>lfo1</em>
</span>
</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>-2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="emphasis">
<em>lfo2</em>
</span>
</td>
<td>-50</td>
<td>100</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="table-break" />
</p>
<p>
... and the resulting output values:
</p>
<div class="table">
<a id="modmatrix-table4"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Table 16. </strong>
</p>
<div class="table-contents">
<table border="1">
<colgroup>
<col />
<col />
<col />
<col />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th> </th>
<th>cps1</th>
<th>cps2</th>
<th>cutoff</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="emphasis">
<em>iresfn</em>
</span>
</td>
<td>430</td>
<td>780</td>
<td>1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="emphasis">
<em>lfo2</em>
</span>
</td>
<td>-50</td>
<td>100</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="table-break" />
</p>
<p>
The output value for "cps1" is calculated as
400+(0.5*40)+(-0.2*-50), similarly for "cps2"
800+(0.5*0)+(-0.2*100), and for cutoff: 3+(0.5*-2)+(-0.2*3)
</p>
<p>
The imodscale ftable may be specified in the score like this:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">f1 0 8 -2 200 0 2 50 300 -1.5</pre>
<p>
</p>
<p>
Or more conveniently using <a class="link" href="ftgen.html" title="ftgen"><em class="citetitle">ftgen</em></a> in the orchestra:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">gimodscale ftgen 0, 0, 8, -2, 200, 0, 2, 50, 300, -1.5</pre>
<p>
</p>
<p>
Obviously, the parameter and modulator variables need not be
static values, and similarly, the scaling routing coefficient
table may be continuously rewritten using opcodes
like <a class="link" href="tablew.html" title="tablew"><em class="citetitle">tablew</em></a>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Examples">
<a id="idp32107880"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is an example of the modmatrix opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/modmatrix.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">modmatrix.csd</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idp32108872"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 488. Example of the modmatrix opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio flags here according to platform</span>
<span class="comment">; Audio out Audio in</span>
<span class="comment">;-odac -iadc ;;;RT audio I/O</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
-o modmatrix.wav -W <span class="comment">;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">kr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 441
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 100
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2
<span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1
<span class="comment">; basic waveforms</span>
giSine <span class="ohdr">ftgen</span> 0, 0, 65537, 10, 1 <span class="comment">; sine wave</span>
giSaw <span class="ohdr">ftgen</span> 0, 0, 4097, 7, 1, 4096, <span class="op">-</span>1 <span class="comment">; saw (linear)</span>
giSoftSaw <span class="ohdr">ftgen</span> 0, 0, 65537, 30, giSaw, 1, 10 <span class="comment">; soft saw (only 10 first harmonics)</span>
<span class="comment">; modmatrix tables</span>
giMaxNumParam <span class="op">=</span> 128
giMaxNumMod <span class="op">=</span> 32
giParam_In <span class="ohdr">ftgen</span> 0, 0, giMaxNumParam, 2, 0 <span class="comment">; input parameters table</span>
<span class="comment">; output parameters table (parameter values with added modulators)</span>
giParam_Out <span class="ohdr">ftgen</span> 0, 0, giMaxNumParam, 2, 0
giModulators <span class="ohdr">ftgen</span> 0, 0, giMaxNumMod, 2, 0 <span class="comment">; modulators table</span>
<span class="comment">; modulation scaling and routing (mod matrix) table, start with empty table</span>
giModScale <span class="ohdr">ftgen</span> 0, 0, giMaxNumParam<span class="op">*</span>giMaxNumMod, <span class="op">-</span>2, 0
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="comment">; generate the modulator signals</span>
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1
<span class="comment">; LFO1, 1.5 Hz, normalized range (0.0 to 1.0)</span>
kLFO1 <span class="opc">oscil</span> 0.5, 1.5, giSine <span class="comment">; generate LFO signal</span>
kLFO1 <span class="op">=</span> kLFO1<span class="op">+</span>0.5 <span class="comment">; offset</span>
<span class="comment">; LFO2, 0.4 Hz, normalized range (0.0 to 1.0)</span>
kLFO2 <span class="opc">oscil</span> 0.5, 0.4, giSine <span class="comment">; generate LFO signal</span>
kLFO2 <span class="op">=</span> kLFO2<span class="op">+</span>0.5 <span class="comment">; offset</span>
<span class="comment">; write modulators to table</span>
<span class="opc">tablew</span> kLFO1, 0, giModulators
<span class="opc">tablew</span> kLFO2, 1, giModulators
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="comment">; set parameter values</span>
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 2
<span class="comment">; Here we can set the parameter values</span>
icps1 <span class="op">=</span> p4
icps2 <span class="op">=</span> p5
icutoff <span class="op">=</span> p6
<span class="comment">; write parameters to table</span>
<span class="opc">tableiw</span> icps1, 0, giParam_In
<span class="opc">tableiw</span> icps2, 1, giParam_In
<span class="opc">tableiw</span> icutoff, 2, giParam_In
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="comment">; mod matrix edit</span>
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 3
<span class="comment">; Here we can write to the modmatrix table by using tablew or tableiw</span>
iLfo1ToCps1 <span class="op">=</span> p4
iLfo1ToCps2 <span class="op">=</span> p5
iLfo1ToCutoff <span class="op">=</span> p6
iLfo2ToCps1 <span class="op">=</span> p7
iLfo2ToCps2 <span class="op">=</span> p8
iLfo2ToCutoff <span class="op">=</span> p9
<span class="opc">tableiw</span> iLfo1ToCps1, 0, giModScale
<span class="opc">tableiw</span> iLfo1ToCps2, 1, giModScale
<span class="opc">tableiw</span> iLfo1ToCutoff, 2, giModScale
<span class="opc">tableiw</span> iLfo2ToCps1, 3, giModScale
<span class="opc">tableiw</span> iLfo2ToCps2, 4, giModScale
<span class="opc">tableiw</span> iLfo2ToCutoff, 5, giModScale
<span class="comment">; and set the update flag for modulator matrix </span>
<span class="comment">; ***(must update to enable changes)</span>
ktrig <span class="opc">init</span> 1
<span class="opc">chnset</span> ktrig, "modulatorUpdateFlag"
ktrig <span class="op">=</span> 0
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="comment">; mod matrix</span>
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 4
<span class="comment">; get the update flag</span>
kupdate <span class="opc">chnget</span> "modulatorUpdateFlag"
<span class="comment">; run the mod matrix </span>
inum_mod <span class="op">=</span> 2
inum_parm <span class="op">=</span> 3
<span class="opc">modmatrix</span> giParam_Out, giModulators, giParam_In, \\
giModScale, inum_mod, inum_parm, kupdate
<span class="comment">; and reset the update flag</span>
<span class="opc">chnset</span> 0, "modulatorUpdateFlag" <span class="comment">; reset the update flag</span>
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="comment">; audio generator to test values</span>
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 5
<span class="comment">; basic parameters</span>
iamp <span class="op">=</span> <span class="opc">ampdbfs</span>(<span class="op">-</span>5)
<span class="comment">; read modulated parameters from table</span>
kcps1 <span class="opc">table</span> 0, giParam_Out
kcps2 <span class="opc">table</span> 1, giParam_Out
kcutoff <span class="opc">table</span> 2, giParam_Out
<span class="comment">; set filter parameters</span>
kCF_freq1 <span class="op">=</span> kcps1<span class="op">*</span>kcutoff
kCF_freq2 <span class="op">=</span> kcps2<span class="op">*</span>kcutoff
kReso <span class="op">=</span> 0.7
kDist <span class="op">=</span> 0.3
<span class="comment">; oscillators and filters</span>
a1 <span class="opc">oscili</span> iamp, kcps1, giSoftSaw
a1 <span class="opc">lpf18</span> a1, kCF_freq1, kReso, kDist
a2 <span class="opc">oscili</span> iamp, kcps2, giSoftSaw
a2 <span class="opc">lpf18</span> a2, kCF_freq2, kReso, kDist
<span class="opc">outs</span> a1, a2
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span>
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="comment">; set initial parameters</span>
<span class="comment">; cps1 cps2 cutoff</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>2 0 1 400 800 3
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="comment">; set modmatrix values</span>
<span class="comment">; lfo1ToCps1 lfo1ToCps2 lfo1ToCut lfo2ToCps1 lfo2ToCps2 lfo2ToCut</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>3 0 1 40 0 -2 -50 100 3
<span class="comment">;********************************************</span>
<span class="comment">; start "always on" instruments</span>
#define SCORELEN # 20 # <span class="comment">; set length of score</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>1 0 $SCORELEN <span class="comment">; start modulators</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>4 0 $SCORELEN <span class="comment">; start mod matrix</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>5 0 $SCORELEN <span class="comment">; start audio oscillator</span>
<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="See Also">
<a id="idp32111152"></a>
<h2>See Also</h2>
<p>
<a class="link" href="linearalgebraopcodes.html" title="Linear Algebra Opcodes"><em class="citetitle">Linear Algebra
Opcodes</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="vectorial.html" title="Vectorial Opcodes"><em class="citetitle">Vectorial
Opcodes</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="tablew.html" title="tablew"><em class="citetitle">tablew</em></a>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Credits">
<a id="idp32113280"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
<p>By:</p>
<p>Oeyvind Brandtsegg and Thom Johansen</p>
<p>New in version 5.12</p>
</div>
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