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<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">line</span>
</h2>
<p>line —
Trace a straight line between specified points.
</p>
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<div class="refsect1" title="Description">
<a id="idp28238464"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
Trace a straight line between specified points.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Syntax">
<a id="idp28239200"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>line</strong></span> ia, idur, ib</pre>
<pre class="synopsis">kres <span class="command"><strong>line</strong></span> ia, idur, ib</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Initialization">
<a id="idp28250408"></a>
<h2>Initialization</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>ia</em></span> -- starting value.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>ib</em></span> -- value after <span class="emphasis"><em>idur</em></span> seconds.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>idur</em></span> -- duration in seconds of segment. A zero or negative value will cause all initialization to be skipped.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Performance">
<a id="idp28286760"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>line</em></span> generates control or audio signals whose values move linearly from an initial value to a final one.
</p>
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<th align="left">Note</th>
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<p>
A common error with this opcode is to assume that the value of
<span class="emphasis"><em>ib</em></span> is held after the time
<span class="emphasis"><em>idur1</em></span>. <span class="emphasis"><em>line</em></span> does not
automatically end or stop at the end of the duration given. If your
note length is longer than <span class="emphasis"><em>idur</em></span> seconds,
<span class="emphasis"><em>kres</em></span> (or <span class="emphasis"><em>ares</em></span>) will not come
to rest at <span class="emphasis"><em>ib</em></span>, but will instead continue to rise
or fall with the same rate. If a rise (or fall) and then hold is
required that the <span class="emphasis"><em>linseg</em></span> opcode should be
considered instead.
</p>
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<div class="refsect1" title="Examples">
<a id="idp28290648"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is an example of the line opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/line.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">line.csd</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idp28291624"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 388. Example of the line opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac <span class="comment">;;;realtime audio out</span>
<span class="comment">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o line.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2
<span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1
kp <span class="op">=</span> p6
<span class="comment">;choose between expon or line</span>
<span class="octrl">if</span> (kp <span class="op">==</span> 0) then
kpitch <span class="opc">expon</span> p4, p3, p5
<span class="octrl">elseif</span> (kp <span class="op">==</span> 1) then
kpitch <span class="opc">line</span> p4, p3, p5
<span class="octrl">endif</span>
asig <span class="opc">vco2</span> .6, kpitch
<span class="opc">outs</span> asig, asig
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 2 300 600 0 <span class="comment">;if p6=0 then expon is used</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 3 2 300 600 1 <span class="comment">;if p6=1 then line is used</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 6 2 600 1200 0
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 9 2 600 1200 1
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 12 2 1200 2400 0
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 15 2 1200 2400 1
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 18 2 2400 30 0
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 21 2 2400 30 1
<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
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<p><br class="example-break" />
</p>
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<div class="refsect1" title="See Also">
<a id="idp28293888"></a>
<h2>See Also</h2>
<p>
<a class="link" href="expon.html" title="expon"><em class="citetitle">expon</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="expseg.html" title="expseg"><em class="citetitle">expseg</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="expsegr.html" title="expsegr"><em class="citetitle">expsegr</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="linseg.html" title="linseg"><em class="citetitle">linseg</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="linsegr.html" title="linsegr"><em class="citetitle">linsegr</em></a>
</p>
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<div class="refsect1" title="Credits">
<a id="idp28296888"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
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