<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>limit</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="lfo.html" title="lfo" /> <link rel="next" href="line.html" title="line" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">limit</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="lfo.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="line.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry" title="limit"> <a id="limit"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexLimit" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">limit</span> </h2> <p>limit — Sets the lower and upper limits of the value it processes. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Description"> <a id="idp28201992"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> Sets the lower and upper limits of the value it processes. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Syntax"> <a id="idp28202664"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>limit</strong></span> asig, klow, khigh</pre> <pre class="synopsis">ires <span class="command"><strong>limit</strong></span> isig, ilow, ihigh</pre> <pre class="synopsis">kres <span class="command"><strong>limit</strong></span> ksig, klow, khigh</pre> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Initialization"> <a id="idp28214480"></a> <h2>Initialization</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>isig</em></span> -- input signal </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ilow</em></span> -- low threshold </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ihigh</em></span> -- high threshold </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Performance"> <a id="idp28216184"></a> <h2>Performance</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>xsig</em></span> -- input signal </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>klow</em></span> -- low threshold </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>khigh</em></span> -- high threshold </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>limit</em></span> sets the lower and upper limits on the <span class="emphasis"><em>xsig</em></span> value it processes. If <span class="emphasis"><em>xhigh</em></span> is lower than <span class="emphasis"><em>xlow</em></span>, then the output will be the average of the two - it will not be affected by <span class="emphasis"><em>xsig</em></span>. </p> <p> This opcode is useful in several situations, such as table indexing or for clipping and modeling a-rate, i-rate or k-rate signals. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Examples"> <a id="idp28255160"></a> <h2>Examples</h2> <p> Here is an example of the limit opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/limit.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">limit.csd</em></a>. </p> <div class="example"> <a id="idp28256128"></a> <p class="title"> <strong>Example 387. Example of the limit opcode.</strong> </p> <div class="example-contents"> <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p> <pre class="programlisting"> <span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span> <span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span> -odac <span class="comment">;;;realtime audio out</span> <span class="comment">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too</span> <span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span> <span class="comment">; -o limit.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span> <span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100 <span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32 <span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1 <span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2 <span class="oblock">instr</span> 1 <span class="comment">; Limit / Mirror / Wrap</span> igain <span class="op">=</span> p4 <span class="comment">;gain</span> ilevl1 <span class="op">=</span> p5 <span class="comment">; + level</span> ilevl2 <span class="op">=</span> p6 <span class="comment">; - level</span> imode <span class="op">=</span> p7 <span class="comment">;1 = limit, 2 = mirror, 3 = wrap</span> ain <span class="opc">soundin</span> "fox.wav" ain <span class="op">=</span> ain<span class="op">*</span>igain <span class="octrl">if</span> imode <span class="op">=</span> 1 <span class="octrl">goto</span> <span class="olabel">limit</span> <span class="octrl">if</span> imode <span class="op">=</span> 2 <span class="octrl">goto</span> <span class="olabel">mirror</span> asig <span class="opc">wrap</span> ain, ilevl2, ilevl1 <span class="octrl">goto</span> <span class="olabel">outsignal</span> <span class="olabel">limit</span><span class="op">:</span> asig <span class="olabel">limit</span> ain, ilevl2, ilevl1 <span class="octrl">goto</span> <span class="olabel">outsignal</span> <span class="olabel">mirror</span><span class="op">:</span> asig <span class="olabel">mirror</span> ain, ilevl2, ilevl1 <span class="olabel">outsignal</span><span class="op">:</span> <span class="opc">outs</span> asig<span class="op">*</span>.5, asig<span class="op">*</span>.5 <span class="comment">;mind your speakers</span> <span class="oblock">endin</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span> <span class="comment">; Gain +Levl -Levl Mode</span> <span class="stamnt">i</span>1 0 3 4.00 .25 -1.00 1 <span class="comment">;limit</span> <span class="stamnt">i</span>1 4 3 4.00 .25 -1.00 2 <span class="comment">;mirror</span> <span class="stamnt">i</span>1 8 3 4.00 .25 -1.00 3 <span class="comment">;wrap</span> <span class="stamnt">e</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span> <span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span> </pre> </div> </div> <p><br class="example-break" /> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="See Also"> <a id="idp28258400"></a> <h2>See Also</h2> <p> <a class="link" href="mirror.html" title="mirror"><em class="citetitle">mirror</em></a>, <a class="link" href="wrap.html" title="wrap"><em class="citetitle">wrap</em></a> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Credits"> <a id="idp28259896"></a> <h2>Credits</h2> <p> </p> <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"> <tr> <td>Author: Robin Whittle</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Australia</td> </tr> </table> <p> </p> <p>New in Csound version 3.46</p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="lfo.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="line.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">lfo </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> line</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>