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<h2 class="title"><a id="MiscSf2"></a>Appendix G. SoundFont2 File Format</h2>
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<p>
Beginning with Csound Version 4.07, <a class="link" href="sfload.html" title="sfload"><em class="citetitle">Csound supports the SoundFont2 sample file format</em></a>. SoundFont2 (or SF2) is a widespread standard which allows encoding banks of wavetable-based sounds into a binary file. In order to understand the usage of these opcodes, the user must have some knowledge of the SF2 format, so a brief description of this format follows.
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The SF2 format is made by generator and modulator objects. All current Csound opcodes regarding SF2 support the generator function only.
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There are several levels of generators having a hierarchical structure. The most basic kind of generator object is a sample. Samples may or may not be be looped, and are associated with a MIDI note number, called the base-key. When a sample is associated with a range of MIDI note numbers, a range of velocities, a transposition (coarse and fine tuning), a scale tuning, and a level scaling factor, the sample and its associations make up a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">split.</span>”</span> A set of splits, together with a name, make up an <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">instrument.</span>”</span> When an instrument is associated with a key range, a velocity range, a level scaling factor, and a transposition, the instrument and its associations make up a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">layer.</span>”</span> A set of layers, together with a name, makes up a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">preset.</span>”</span> Presets are normally the final sound-generating structures ready for the user. They generate sound according to the settings of their lower-level components.
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Both sample data and structure data is embedded in the same SF2 binary file. A single SF2 file can contain up to a maximum of 128 banks of 128 preset programs, for a total of 16384 presets in one SF2 file. The maximum number of layers, instruments, splits, and samples is not defined, and probably is only limited by the computer's memory.
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