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<div class="refentry" title="GEN18">
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<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">GEN18</span>
</h2>
<p>GEN18 —
Writes composite waveforms made up of pre-existing waveforms.
</p>
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<div class="refsect1" title="Description">
<a id="idp77797272"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
Writes composite waveforms made up of pre-existing waveforms. Each contributing waveform requires 4 pfields and can overlap with other waveforms.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Syntax">
<a id="idp77798032"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis"><span class="command"><strong>f</strong></span> # time size 18 fna ampa starta finisha fnb ampb startb finishb ...</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Initialization">
<a id="idp77808416"></a>
<h2>Initialization</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>size</em></span> -- number of points in the table. Must be a power-of-2 (see <a class="link" href="f.html" title="f Statement (or Function Table Statement)">f</a> statement).
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>fna, fnb, etc.</em></span> -- pre-existing table number to be written into the table.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>ampa, ampb, etc.</em></span> -- strength of wavefoms. These are relative strengths, since the composite waveform may be rescaled later. Negative values are permitted and imply a 180 degree phase shift.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>starta, startb, etc.</em></span> -- where to start writing the fn into the table.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>finisha, finishb, etc.</em></span> -- where to stop writing the fn into the table. The last available location is the power of two - 1.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Examples">
<a id="idp77811760"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="stamnt">f</span> 1 0 4096 10 1
<span class="stamnt">f</span> 2 0 1024 18 1 1 0 511 1 1 512 1023</pre>
</div>
<p>
f2 consists of two copies of f1 written in to locations 0-511 and 512-1023.
</p>
<p>
Here is an example of the GEN18 routine. It uses the files <a class="ulink" href="examples/gen18.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">gen18.csd</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idp77845728"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 1054. An example of the GEN18 routine.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac <span class="comment">;;;realtime audio out</span>
<span class="comment">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o gen18.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2
<span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1
ifn <span class="op">=</span> p4
ilen <span class="op">=</span> <span class="opc">ftlen</span>(ifn)
aphase <span class="opc">phasor</span> 220
asig <span class="opc">tablei</span> aphase<span class="op">*</span>ilen, ifn
<span class="opc">outs</span> asig, asig
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span> 1 0 4096 10 1 <span class="comment">;sine</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span> 2 0 4096 10 1 0.5 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.167 0.14 0.125 .111 <span class="comment">;sawtooth</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span> 3 0 4096 11 10 5 2 <span class="comment">;cosine partials</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span> 11 0 8192 18 1 1 0 4095 2 1 4096 8191 <span class="comment">;sine+sawtooth</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span> 12 0 8192 18 1 1 0 4095 3 1 4096 8191 <span class="comment">;sine+cosine partials</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span> 13 0 1024 18 1 0.7 0 767 3 0.7 512 1023 <span class="comment">;sine+cosine partials overlapped, shorter table</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 2 2 <span class="comment">;play sawtooth </span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 + 2 3 <span class="comment">;then cosine partials</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 5 2 11 <span class="comment">;now sine+sawtooth</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 + 2 12 <span class="comment">;and sine+cosine partials</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 + 2 13 <span class="comment">;and sine+cosine partials overlapped, shorter table</span>
<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span>
<span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
<span>These are the diagrams of the waveforms generated by GEN18, as used in the example:</span>
</p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="images/gen18_1.png" />
<div class="caption">
<p>f 11 0 8193 18 1 1 0 4096 2 1 4097 8192 - composite waveform made up of a sine wave and a sawtooth</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>
</p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="images/gen18_2.png" alt="f 12 0 8192 18 1 1 0 4096 3 1 4097 8192 - composite waveform made up of a sine wave and a wave of cosine partials" />
<div class="caption">
<p>f 12 0 8192 18 1 1 0 4096 3 1 4097 8192 - composite waveform made up of a sine wave and a wave of cosine partials</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>
</p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="images/gen18_3.png" alt="f 13 0 1024 18 1 0.7 0 767 3 0.7 512 1023 - sine+cosine partials overlapped, also shorter table than f12" />
<div class="caption">
<p>f 13 0 1024 18 1 0.7 0 767 3 0.7 512 1023 - sine+cosine partials overlapped, also shorter table than f12</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Deprecated Names">
<a id="idp77852456"></a>
<h2>Deprecated Names</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>GEN18</em></span> was called <span class="emphasis"><em>GEN22</em></span> in version 4.18. The name was changed due to a conflict with DirectCsound.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Credits">
<a id="idp77853568"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
<p>
</p>
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
<tr>
<td>Author: William <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Pete</span>”</span> Moss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>University of Texas at Austin</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Austin, Texas USA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>January 2002</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
</p>
<p>New in version 4.18, changed in version 4.19</p>
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