@Section
    @Tag { dia_tags }
    @Title { Tags }
@Begin
@PP
In addition to drawing the outline, each of the standard node
types also attaches names, called {@I tags}, to certain points.  For
diagrams. @RawIndex { diagrams }
diagrams.tags @SubIndex { tags ({@Code "::"}) }
tags.diagrams @Index { tags ({@Code "::"}) in diagrams }
example, the @Code "@Ellipse" symbol creates nine tags:
@ID {
@Code {
"@Ellipse"
}
||7ct
@Diag {
//1.0f
@ShowTags @Ellipse
    vsize { 1.5c }
    hsize { 3.0c }
}
}
The standard link symbols also create tags:
@ID {
@Code {
"@Link"
}
||7ct
@Diag {
2.5c @High 2c @Wide
//
@ShowTags @Arrow
    from { 0,0.8 }
    to { 1,0 }
}
}
The names and positions of all standard tags may be found in the summary
(Section {@NumberOf dia_summ}) at the end of this chapter.  Each tag
stands for a point, and may be used wherever a point is required:
@ID {
@Code @Verbatim {
@Ellipse { Hello, world }
//
@Link from { SW } to { SE }
}
||7ct
@Diag {
@Ellipse { Hello, world }
//
@Link from { SW } to { SE }
}
}
A tag may only be used later in the text of the diagram than the place
where it is defined.
@PP
Standard tags like @Code N and @Code S are not much use as they are,
since in general there will be many nodes and so many @Code N and
@Code S tags.  The retagging symbol, {@Code "::"}, solves this problem:
@ID {
@Code {
"A:: @Ellipse"
}
||7ct
@Diag {
//1.5f
@ShowTags {
A:: @Ellipse
    vsize { 1.5c }
    hsize { 3.0c }
}
}
}
Within the following object, the points have their original tags, but
afterwards the names are changed by prefixing the word preceding
{@Code "::"}, plus a @Code "@" character, to each one.  These longer
tags may be used exactly like the others:
@ID {
@Code @Verbatim {
A:: @Ellipse { Hello, world }
//
@Link from { A@SW } to { A@SE }
}
||7ct
@Diag {
A:: @Ellipse { Hello, world }
//
@Link from { A@SW } to { A@SE }
}
}
The retagging symbol may be applied to links, and indeed to arbitrary
objects; it will retag every tag within the following object, even
tags that have already been retagged:
@ID {
@Code @Verbatim {
A:: {
    1:: @Ellipse
        vsize { 1.0c }
        hsize { 2.5c }
    @DP
    @DP
    2:: @Ellipse
        vsize { 1.0c }
        hsize { 2.5c }
}
}
||7ct
@Diag {
//1.0f
@ShowTags {
A:: {
    1:: @Ellipse
        vsize { 1.0c }
        hsize { 2.5c }
    @DP
    @DP
    2:: @Ellipse
        vsize { 1.0c }
        hsize { 2.5c }
}
}
}
}
In practice one usually only retags individual nodes.  It is best to
use only upper-case letters in tags, because Lout and PostScript have
tags of their own containing lower-case letters, and any mixup causes
total disaster.  Although the above example uses digits, these can
cause problems since a tag like {@Code "A@1@S"} will be interpreted
by Lout as @Code "A@1" followed by the @Code "@S" small capitals
symbol.  (This problem can itself be avoided by enclosing the entire
tag in quotes, as in {@Code "\"A@1@S\""}; this works because tags are
just words to Lout, although they are symbols to PostScript.  But
better to avoid the whole problem by not using digits.)
@PP
When a tag lies within the object following some node, it is
automatically retagged in this way with tag {@Code IN}.  For example, in
@ID @OneRow @Code @Verbatim {
@Square
@Circle Hello
}
the circle lies within the square, and what you get in effect is
@ID @Code @Verbatim {
@Square
IN:: @Circle Hello
}
This prevents confusion between the tags of the inner and outer nodes.  This
retagging cannot be left to the user's discretion, owing to unexpected
effects on the positioning of labels of the outer node if inner tags are
not retagged.
@PP
Although @Code from and @Code to are just two of several options within
@Code "@Diag" where a point is expected, and so where a tag may be given,
they have a special virtue not shared by other options.  It is possible
to give the name of an entire node, not just a tag denoting one point,
to them:
@ID {
@Code @Verbatim {
A:: @Circle
@DP
B:: @Ellipse { Hello, world }
//
@Link from { A } to { B }
}
||7ct
@Diag {
A:: @Circle
@DP
B:: @Ellipse { Hello, world }
//
@Link from { A } to { B }
}
}
This will select a point on the outline of the named node, appropriate
to the type of link being drawn.  It is extremely useful, of course, but
potentially confusing:  @Code A and @Code B do not denote points and are
not tags, strictly speaking, at all.
@PP
The @Code "::" symbol has a @Code restrict option which can be
diagrams. @RawIndex { diagrams }
diagrams.restrict @SubIndex { @Code "restrict" option }
restrict.diagrams @Index { @Code "restrict" option (diagrams) }
used to save printer memory in deeply nested structures (such as the
syntax diagrams of Section {@NumberOf dia_synt}) by restricting the
tags promoted by @Code "::" to a limited set and discarding the rest:
@ID {
@Code {
"A:: restrict { (E) (W) } @Ellipse"
}
||7ct
@Diag {
@ShowTags {
  A:: restrict { (E) (W) } @Ellipse
    vsize { 1.5c }
    hsize { 3.0c }
  }
}
}
The tags to be preserved appear within the @Code restrict option, each
enclosed in parentheses.  Care is needed with this option:  all of
the listed tags must actually exist in the following object.  If not, the
result will be a PostScript error mentioning the @Code get command.
@End @Section