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<h1>Python Module Index</h1>
<div class="modindex-jumpbox">
<a href="#cap-_"><strong>_</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-a"><strong>a</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-b"><strong>b</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-c"><strong>c</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-d"><strong>d</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-e"><strong>e</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-f"><strong>f</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-g"><strong>g</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-h"><strong>h</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-i"><strong>i</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-j"><strong>j</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-k"><strong>k</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-l"><strong>l</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-m"><strong>m</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-n"><strong>n</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-o"><strong>o</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-p"><strong>p</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-q"><strong>q</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-r"><strong>r</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-s"><strong>s</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-t"><strong>t</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-u"><strong>u</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-v"><strong>v</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-w"><strong>w</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-x"><strong>x</strong></a> |
<a href="#cap-z"><strong>z</strong></a>
</div>
<table class="indextable modindextable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-_"><td></td><td>
<strong>_</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/__future__.html#module-__future__"><tt class="xref">__future__</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Future statement definitions</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/__main__.html#module-__main__"><tt class="xref">__main__</tt></a></td><td>
<em>The environment where the top-level script is run.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/_dummy_thread.html#module-_dummy_thread"><tt class="xref">_dummy_thread</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Drop-in replacement for the _thread module.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/_thread.html#module-_thread"><tt class="xref">_thread</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Low-level threading API.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-a"><td></td><td>
<strong>a</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/abc.html#module-abc"><tt class="xref">abc</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Abstract base classes according to PEP 3119.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/aifc.html#module-aifc"><tt class="xref">aifc</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Read and write audio files in AIFF or AIFC format.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/argparse.html#module-argparse"><tt class="xref">argparse</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Command-line option and argument parsing library.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/array.html#module-array"><tt class="xref">array</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Space efficient arrays of uniformly typed numeric values.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/ast.html#module-ast"><tt class="xref">ast</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Abstract Syntax Tree classes and manipulation.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/asynchat.html#module-asynchat"><tt class="xref">asynchat</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Support for asynchronous command/response protocols.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/asyncore.html#module-asyncore"><tt class="xref">asyncore</tt></a></td><td>
<em>A base class for developing asynchronous socket handling
services.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/atexit.html#module-atexit"><tt class="xref">atexit</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Register and execute cleanup functions.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/audioop.html#module-audioop"><tt class="xref">audioop</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Manipulate raw audio data.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-b"><td></td><td>
<strong>b</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/base64.html#module-base64"><tt class="xref">base64</tt></a></td><td>
<em>RFC 3548: Base16, Base32, Base64 Data Encodings</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/bdb.html#module-bdb"><tt class="xref">bdb</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Debugger framework.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/binascii.html#module-binascii"><tt class="xref">binascii</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Tools for converting between binary and various ASCII-encoded binary
representations.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/binhex.html#module-binhex"><tt class="xref">binhex</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Encode and decode files in binhex4 format.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/bisect.html#module-bisect"><tt class="xref">bisect</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Array bisection algorithms for binary searching.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/builtins.html#module-builtins"><tt class="xref">builtins</tt></a></td><td>
<em>The module that provides the built-in namespace.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/bz2.html#module-bz2"><tt class="xref">bz2</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Interfaces for bzip2 compression and decompression.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-c"><td></td><td>
<strong>c</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/calendar.html#module-calendar"><tt class="xref">calendar</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Functions for working with calendars, including some emulation
of the Unix cal program.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/cgi.html#module-cgi"><tt class="xref">cgi</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Helpers for running Python scripts via the Common Gateway Interface.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/cgitb.html#module-cgitb"><tt class="xref">cgitb</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Configurable traceback handler for CGI scripts.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/chunk.html#module-chunk"><tt class="xref">chunk</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Module to read IFF chunks.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/cmath.html#module-cmath"><tt class="xref">cmath</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Mathematical functions for complex numbers.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/cmd.html#module-cmd"><tt class="xref">cmd</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build line-oriented command interpreters.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/code.html#module-code"><tt class="xref">code</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Facilities to implement read-eval-print loops.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/codecs.html#module-codecs"><tt class="xref">codecs</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Encode and decode data and streams.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/codeop.html#module-codeop"><tt class="xref">codeop</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Compile (possibly incomplete) Python code.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-1" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/collections.html#module-collections"><tt class="xref">collections</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Container datatypes</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-1">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/collections.abc.html#module-collections.abc"><tt class="xref">collections.abc</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Abstract base classes for containers</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/colorsys.html#module-colorsys"><tt class="xref">colorsys</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Conversion functions between RGB and other color systems.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/compileall.html#module-compileall"><tt class="xref">compileall</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Tools for byte-compiling all Python source files in a directory tree.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-2" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<tt class="xref">concurrent</tt></td><td>
<em></em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-2">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/concurrent.futures.html#module-concurrent.futures"><tt class="xref">concurrent.futures</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Execute computations concurrently using threads or processes.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/configparser.html#module-configparser"><tt class="xref">configparser</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Configuration file parser.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/contextlib.html#module-contextlib"><tt class="xref">contextlib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Utilities for with-statement contexts.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/copy.html#module-copy"><tt class="xref">copy</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Shallow and deep copy operations.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/copyreg.html#module-copyreg"><tt class="xref">copyreg</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Register pickle support functions.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/profile.html#module-cProfile"><tt class="xref">cProfile</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Python profiler</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/crypt.html#module-crypt"><tt class="xref">crypt</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>The crypt() function used to check Unix passwords.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/csv.html#module-csv"><tt class="xref">csv</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Write and read tabular data to and from delimited files.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/ctypes.html#module-ctypes"><tt class="xref">ctypes</tt></a></td><td>
<em>A foreign function library for Python.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-3" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/curses.html#module-curses"><tt class="xref">curses</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>An interface to the curses library, providing portable
terminal handling.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-3">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/curses.ascii.html#module-curses.ascii"><tt class="xref">curses.ascii</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Constants and set-membership functions for ASCII characters.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-3">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/curses.panel.html#module-curses.panel"><tt class="xref">curses.panel</tt></a></td><td>
<em>A panel stack extension that adds depth to curses windows.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-3">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/curses.html#module-curses.textpad"><tt class="xref">curses.textpad</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Emacs-like input editing in a curses window.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-d"><td></td><td>
<strong>d</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/datetime.html#module-datetime"><tt class="xref">datetime</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Basic date and time types.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-4" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/dbm.html#module-dbm"><tt class="xref">dbm</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Interfaces to various Unix "database" formats.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-4">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/dbm.html#module-dbm.dumb"><tt class="xref">dbm.dumb</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Portable implementation of the simple DBM interface.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-4">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/dbm.html#module-dbm.gnu"><tt class="xref">dbm.gnu</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>GNU's reinterpretation of dbm.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-4">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/dbm.html#module-dbm.ndbm"><tt class="xref">dbm.ndbm</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>The standard "database" interface, based on ndbm.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/decimal.html#module-decimal"><tt class="xref">decimal</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Implementation of the General Decimal Arithmetic Specification.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/difflib.html#module-difflib"><tt class="xref">difflib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Helpers for computing differences between objects.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/dis.html#module-dis"><tt class="xref">dis</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Disassembler for Python bytecode.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-5" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/distutils.html#module-distutils"><tt class="xref">distutils</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Support for building and installing Python modules into an
existing Python installation.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.archive_util"><tt class="xref">distutils.archive_util</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Utility functions for creating archive files (tarballs, zip files, ...)</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.bcppcompiler"><tt class="xref">distutils.bcppcompiler</tt></a></td><td>
<em></em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.ccompiler"><tt class="xref">distutils.ccompiler</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Abstract CCompiler class</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.cmd"><tt class="xref">distutils.cmd</tt></a></td><td>
<em>This module provides the abstract base class Command. This class
is subclassed by the modules in the distutils.command subpackage.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command"><tt class="xref">distutils.command</tt></a></td><td>
<em>This subpackage contains one module for each standard Distutils command.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.bdist"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.bdist</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build a binary installer for a package</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.bdist_dumb"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.bdist_dumb</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build a "dumb" installer - a simple archive of files</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.bdist_msi"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.bdist_msi</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build a binary distribution as a Windows MSI file</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.bdist_packager"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.bdist_packager</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Abstract base class for packagers</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.bdist_rpm"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.bdist_rpm</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build a binary distribution as a Redhat RPM and SRPM</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.bdist_wininst"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.bdist_wininst</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build a Windows installer</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.build"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.build</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build all files of a package</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.build_clib"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.build_clib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build any C libraries in a package</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.build_ext"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.build_ext</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build any extensions in a package</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.build_py"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.build_py</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build the .py/.pyc files of a package</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.build_scripts"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.build_scripts</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build the scripts of a package</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.check"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.check</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Check the metadata of a package</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.clean"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.clean</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Clean a package build area</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.config"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.config</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Perform package configuration</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.install"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.install</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Install a package</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.install_data"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.install_data</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Install data files from a package</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.install_headers"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.install_headers</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Install C/C++ header files from a package</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.install_lib"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.install_lib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Install library files from a package</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.install_scripts"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.install_scripts</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Install script files from a package</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.register"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.register</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Register a module with the Python Package Index</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.command.sdist"><tt class="xref">distutils.command.sdist</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build a source distribution</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.core"><tt class="xref">distutils.core</tt></a></td><td>
<em>The core Distutils functionality</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.cygwinccompiler"><tt class="xref">distutils.cygwinccompiler</tt></a></td><td>
<em></em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.debug"><tt class="xref">distutils.debug</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Provides the debug flag for distutils</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.dep_util"><tt class="xref">distutils.dep_util</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Utility functions for simple dependency checking</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.dir_util"><tt class="xref">distutils.dir_util</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Utility functions for operating on directories and directory trees</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.dist"><tt class="xref">distutils.dist</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Provides the Distribution class, which represents the module distribution being
built/installed/distributed</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.emxccompiler"><tt class="xref">distutils.emxccompiler</tt></a></td><td>
<em>OS/2 EMX Compiler support</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.errors"><tt class="xref">distutils.errors</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Provides standard distutils exceptions</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.extension"><tt class="xref">distutils.extension</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Provides the Extension class, used to describe C/C++ extension modules in setup
scripts</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.fancy_getopt"><tt class="xref">distutils.fancy_getopt</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Additional getopt functionality</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.file_util"><tt class="xref">distutils.file_util</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Utility functions for operating on single files</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.filelist"><tt class="xref">distutils.filelist</tt></a></td><td>
<em>The FileList class, used for poking about the file system and
building lists of files.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.log"><tt class="xref">distutils.log</tt></a></td><td>
<em>A simple logging mechanism, 282-style</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.msvccompiler"><tt class="xref">distutils.msvccompiler</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Microsoft Compiler</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.spawn"><tt class="xref">distutils.spawn</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Provides the spawn() function</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.sysconfig"><tt class="xref">distutils.sysconfig</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Low-level access to configuration information of the Python interpreter.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.text_file"><tt class="xref">distutils.text_file</tt></a></td><td>
<em>provides the TextFile class, a simple interface to text files</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.unixccompiler"><tt class="xref">distutils.unixccompiler</tt></a></td><td>
<em>UNIX C Compiler</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.util"><tt class="xref">distutils.util</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Miscellaneous other utility functions</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-5">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="distutils/apiref.html#module-distutils.version"><tt class="xref">distutils.version</tt></a></td><td>
<em>implements classes that represent module version numbers.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/doctest.html#module-doctest"><tt class="xref">doctest</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Test pieces of code within docstrings.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/dummy_threading.html#module-dummy_threading"><tt class="xref">dummy_threading</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Drop-in replacement for the threading module.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-e"><td></td><td>
<strong>e</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-6" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.html#module-email"><tt class="xref">email</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Package supporting the parsing, manipulating, and generating
email messages, including MIME documents.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-6">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.charset.html#module-email.charset"><tt class="xref">email.charset</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Character Sets</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-6">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.encoders.html#module-email.encoders"><tt class="xref">email.encoders</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Encoders for email message payloads.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-6">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.errors.html#module-email.errors"><tt class="xref">email.errors</tt></a></td><td>
<em>The exception classes used by the email package.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-6">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.generator.html#module-email.generator"><tt class="xref">email.generator</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Generate flat text email messages from a message structure.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-6">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.header.html#module-email.header"><tt class="xref">email.header</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Representing non-ASCII headers</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-6">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.headerregistry.html#module-email.headerregistry"><tt class="xref">email.headerregistry</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Automatic Parsing of headers based on the field name</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-6">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.iterators.html#module-email.iterators"><tt class="xref">email.iterators</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Iterate over a message object tree.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-6">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.message.html#module-email.message"><tt class="xref">email.message</tt></a></td><td>
<em>The base class representing email messages.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-6">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.mime.html#module-email.mime"><tt class="xref">email.mime</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Build MIME messages.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-6">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.parser.html#module-email.parser"><tt class="xref">email.parser</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Parse flat text email messages to produce a message object structure.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-6">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.policy.html#module-email.policy"><tt class="xref">email.policy</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Controlling the parsing and generating of messages</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-6">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/email.util.html#module-email.utils"><tt class="xref">email.utils</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Miscellaneous email package utilities.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-7" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<tt class="xref">encodings</tt></td><td>
<em></em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-7">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/codecs.html#module-encodings.idna"><tt class="xref">encodings.idna</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Internationalized Domain Names implementation</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-7">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/codecs.html#module-encodings.mbcs"><tt class="xref">encodings.mbcs</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Windows ANSI codepage</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-7">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/codecs.html#module-encodings.utf_8_sig"><tt class="xref">encodings.utf_8_sig</tt></a></td><td>
<em>UTF-8 codec with BOM signature</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/errno.html#module-errno"><tt class="xref">errno</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Standard errno system symbols.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-f"><td></td><td>
<strong>f</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/faulthandler.html#module-faulthandler"><tt class="xref">faulthandler</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Dump the Python traceback.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/fcntl.html#module-fcntl"><tt class="xref">fcntl</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>The fcntl() and ioctl() system calls.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/filecmp.html#module-filecmp"><tt class="xref">filecmp</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Compare files efficiently.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/fileinput.html#module-fileinput"><tt class="xref">fileinput</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Loop over standard input or a list of files.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/fnmatch.html#module-fnmatch"><tt class="xref">fnmatch</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Unix shell style filename pattern matching.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/formatter.html#module-formatter"><tt class="xref">formatter</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Generic output formatter and device interface.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/fpectl.html#module-fpectl"><tt class="xref">fpectl</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>Provide control for floating point exception handling.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/fractions.html#module-fractions"><tt class="xref">fractions</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Rational numbers.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/ftplib.html#module-ftplib"><tt class="xref">ftplib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>FTP protocol client (requires sockets).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/functools.html#module-functools"><tt class="xref">functools</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-g"><td></td><td>
<strong>g</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/gc.html#module-gc"><tt class="xref">gc</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Interface to the cycle-detecting garbage collector.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/getopt.html#module-getopt"><tt class="xref">getopt</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Portable parser for command line options; support both short and
long option names.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/getpass.html#module-getpass"><tt class="xref">getpass</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Portable reading of passwords and retrieval of the userid.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/gettext.html#module-gettext"><tt class="xref">gettext</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Multilingual internationalization services.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/glob.html#module-glob"><tt class="xref">glob</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Unix shell style pathname pattern expansion.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/grp.html#module-grp"><tt class="xref">grp</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>The group database (getgrnam() and friends).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/gzip.html#module-gzip"><tt class="xref">gzip</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Interfaces for gzip compression and decompression using file objects.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-h"><td></td><td>
<strong>h</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/hashlib.html#module-hashlib"><tt class="xref">hashlib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Secure hash and message digest algorithms.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/heapq.html#module-heapq"><tt class="xref">heapq</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Heap queue algorithm (a.k.a. priority queue).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/hmac.html#module-hmac"><tt class="xref">hmac</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication (HMAC) implementation
for Python.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-8" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/html.html#module-html"><tt class="xref">html</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Helpers for manipulating HTML.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-8">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/html.entities.html#module-html.entities"><tt class="xref">html.entities</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Definitions of HTML general entities.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-8">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/html.parser.html#module-html.parser"><tt class="xref">html.parser</tt></a></td><td>
<em>A simple parser that can handle HTML and XHTML.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-9" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<tt class="xref">http</tt></td><td>
<em></em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-9">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/http.client.html#module-http.client"><tt class="xref">http.client</tt></a></td><td>
<em>HTTP and HTTPS protocol client (requires sockets).</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-9">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/http.cookiejar.html#module-http.cookiejar"><tt class="xref">http.cookiejar</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Classes for automatic handling of HTTP cookies.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-9">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/http.cookies.html#module-http.cookies"><tt class="xref">http.cookies</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Support for HTTP state management (cookies).</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-9">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/http.server.html#module-http.server"><tt class="xref">http.server</tt></a></td><td>
<em>HTTP server and request handlers.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-i"><td></td><td>
<strong>i</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/imaplib.html#module-imaplib"><tt class="xref">imaplib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>IMAP4 protocol client (requires sockets).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/imghdr.html#module-imghdr"><tt class="xref">imghdr</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Determine the type of image contained in a file or byte stream.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/imp.html#module-imp"><tt class="xref">imp</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Access the implementation of the import statement.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-10" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/importlib.html#module-importlib"><tt class="xref">importlib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>An implementation of the import machinery.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-10">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/importlib.html#module-importlib.abc"><tt class="xref">importlib.abc</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Abstract base classes related to import</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-10">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/importlib.html#module-importlib.machinery"><tt class="xref">importlib.machinery</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Importers and path hooks</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-10">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/importlib.html#module-importlib.util"><tt class="xref">importlib.util</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Utility code for importers</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/inspect.html#module-inspect"><tt class="xref">inspect</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Extract information and source code from live objects.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/io.html#module-io"><tt class="xref">io</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Core tools for working with streams.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/ipaddress.html#module-ipaddress"><tt class="xref">ipaddress</tt></a></td><td>
<em>IPv4/IPv6 manipulation library.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/itertools.html#module-itertools"><tt class="xref">itertools</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Functions creating iterators for efficient looping.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-j"><td></td><td>
<strong>j</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/json.html#module-json"><tt class="xref">json</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Encode and decode the JSON format.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-k"><td></td><td>
<strong>k</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/keyword.html#module-keyword"><tt class="xref">keyword</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Test whether a string is a keyword in Python.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-l"><td></td><td>
<strong>l</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/2to3.html#module-lib2to3"><tt class="xref">lib2to3</tt></a></td><td>
<em>the 2to3 library</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/linecache.html#module-linecache"><tt class="xref">linecache</tt></a></td><td>
<em>This module provides random access to individual lines from text files.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/locale.html#module-locale"><tt class="xref">locale</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Internationalization services.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-11" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/logging.html#module-logging"><tt class="xref">logging</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Flexible event logging system for applications.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-11">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/logging.config.html#module-logging.config"><tt class="xref">logging.config</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Configuration of the logging module.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-11">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/logging.handlers.html#module-logging.handlers"><tt class="xref">logging.handlers</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Handlers for the logging module.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/lzma.html#module-lzma"><tt class="xref">lzma</tt></a></td><td>
<em>A Python wrapper for the liblzma compression library.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-m"><td></td><td>
<strong>m</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/macpath.html#module-macpath"><tt class="xref">macpath</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Mac OS 9 path manipulation functions.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/mailbox.html#module-mailbox"><tt class="xref">mailbox</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Manipulate mailboxes in various formats</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/mailcap.html#module-mailcap"><tt class="xref">mailcap</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Mailcap file handling.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/marshal.html#module-marshal"><tt class="xref">marshal</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Convert Python objects to streams of bytes and back (with different
constraints).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/math.html#module-math"><tt class="xref">math</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Mathematical functions (sin() etc.).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/mimetypes.html#module-mimetypes"><tt class="xref">mimetypes</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Mapping of filename extensions to MIME types.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/mmap.html#module-mmap"><tt class="xref">mmap</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Interface to memory-mapped files for Unix and Windows.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/modulefinder.html#module-modulefinder"><tt class="xref">modulefinder</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Find modules used by a script.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/msilib.html#module-msilib"><tt class="xref">msilib</tt></a> <em>(Windows)</em></td><td>
<em>Creation of Microsoft Installer files, and CAB files.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/msvcrt.html#module-msvcrt"><tt class="xref">msvcrt</tt></a> <em>(Windows)</em></td><td>
<em>Miscellaneous useful routines from the MS VC++ runtime.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-12" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/multiprocessing.html#module-multiprocessing"><tt class="xref">multiprocessing</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Process-based parallelism.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-12">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/multiprocessing.html#module-multiprocessing.connection"><tt class="xref">multiprocessing.connection</tt></a></td><td>
<em>API for dealing with sockets.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-12">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/multiprocessing.html#module-multiprocessing.dummy"><tt class="xref">multiprocessing.dummy</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Dumb wrapper around threading.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-12">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/multiprocessing.html#module-multiprocessing.managers"><tt class="xref">multiprocessing.managers</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Share data between process with shared objects.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-12">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/multiprocessing.html#module-multiprocessing.pool"><tt class="xref">multiprocessing.pool</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Create pools of processes.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-12">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/multiprocessing.html#module-multiprocessing.sharedctypes"><tt class="xref">multiprocessing.sharedctypes</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Allocate ctypes objects from shared memory.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-n"><td></td><td>
<strong>n</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/netrc.html#module-netrc"><tt class="xref">netrc</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Loading of .netrc files.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/nis.html#module-nis"><tt class="xref">nis</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>Interface to Sun's NIS (Yellow Pages) library.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/nntplib.html#module-nntplib"><tt class="xref">nntplib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>NNTP protocol client (requires sockets).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/numbers.html#module-numbers"><tt class="xref">numbers</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Numeric abstract base classes (Complex, Real, Integral, etc.).</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-o"><td></td><td>
<strong>o</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/operator.html#module-operator"><tt class="xref">operator</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Functions corresponding to the standard operators.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/optparse.html#module-optparse"><tt class="xref">optparse</tt></a></td><td><strong>Deprecated:</strong>
<em>Command-line option parsing library.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-13" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/os.html#module-os"><tt class="xref">os</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Miscellaneous operating system interfaces.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-13">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/os.path.html#module-os.path"><tt class="xref">os.path</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Operations on pathnames.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/ossaudiodev.html#module-ossaudiodev"><tt class="xref">ossaudiodev</tt></a> <em>(Linux, FreeBSD)</em></td><td>
<em>Access to OSS-compatible audio devices.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-p"><td></td><td>
<strong>p</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/parser.html#module-parser"><tt class="xref">parser</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Access parse trees for Python source code.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pdb.html#module-pdb"><tt class="xref">pdb</tt></a></td><td>
<em>The Python debugger for interactive interpreters.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pickle.html#module-pickle"><tt class="xref">pickle</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Convert Python objects to streams of bytes and back.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pickletools.html#module-pickletools"><tt class="xref">pickletools</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Contains extensive comments about the pickle protocols and
pickle-machine opcodes, as well as some useful functions.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pipes.html#module-pipes"><tt class="xref">pipes</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>A Python interface to Unix shell pipelines.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pkgutil.html#module-pkgutil"><tt class="xref">pkgutil</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Utilities for the import system.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/platform.html#module-platform"><tt class="xref">platform</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Retrieves as much platform identifying data as possible.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/plistlib.html#module-plistlib"><tt class="xref">plistlib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Generate and parse Mac OS X plist files.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/poplib.html#module-poplib"><tt class="xref">poplib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>POP3 protocol client (requires sockets).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/posix.html#module-posix"><tt class="xref">posix</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>The most common POSIX system calls (normally used via module os).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pprint.html#module-pprint"><tt class="xref">pprint</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Data pretty printer.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/profile.html#module-profile"><tt class="xref">profile</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Python source profiler.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/profile.html#module-pstats"><tt class="xref">pstats</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Statistics object for use with the profiler.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pty.html#module-pty"><tt class="xref">pty</tt></a> <em>(Linux)</em></td><td>
<em>Pseudo-Terminal Handling for Linux.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pwd.html#module-pwd"><tt class="xref">pwd</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>The password database (getpwnam() and friends).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/py_compile.html#module-py_compile"><tt class="xref">py_compile</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Generate byte-code files from Python source files.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pyclbr.html#module-pyclbr"><tt class="xref">pyclbr</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Supports information extraction for a Python class browser.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pydoc.html#module-pydoc"><tt class="xref">pydoc</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Documentation generator and online help system.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-q"><td></td><td>
<strong>q</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/queue.html#module-queue"><tt class="xref">queue</tt></a></td><td>
<em>A synchronized queue class.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/quopri.html#module-quopri"><tt class="xref">quopri</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Encode and decode files using the MIME quoted-printable encoding.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-r"><td></td><td>
<strong>r</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/random.html#module-random"><tt class="xref">random</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Generate pseudo-random numbers with various common distributions.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/re.html#module-re"><tt class="xref">re</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Regular expression operations.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/readline.html#module-readline"><tt class="xref">readline</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>GNU readline support for Python.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/reprlib.html#module-reprlib"><tt class="xref">reprlib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Alternate repr() implementation with size limits.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/resource.html#module-resource"><tt class="xref">resource</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>An interface to provide resource usage information on the current process.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/rlcompleter.html#module-rlcompleter"><tt class="xref">rlcompleter</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Python identifier completion, suitable for the GNU readline library.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/runpy.html#module-runpy"><tt class="xref">runpy</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Locate and run Python modules without importing them first.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-s"><td></td><td>
<strong>s</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/sched.html#module-sched"><tt class="xref">sched</tt></a></td><td>
<em>General purpose event scheduler.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/select.html#module-select"><tt class="xref">select</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Wait for I/O completion on multiple streams.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/shelve.html#module-shelve"><tt class="xref">shelve</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Python object persistence.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/shlex.html#module-shlex"><tt class="xref">shlex</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Simple lexical analysis for Unix shell-like languages.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/shutil.html#module-shutil"><tt class="xref">shutil</tt></a></td><td>
<em>High-level file operations, including copying.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/signal.html#module-signal"><tt class="xref">signal</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Set handlers for asynchronous events.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/site.html#module-site"><tt class="xref">site</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Module responsible for site-specific configuration.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/smtpd.html#module-smtpd"><tt class="xref">smtpd</tt></a></td><td>
<em>A SMTP server implementation in Python.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/smtplib.html#module-smtplib"><tt class="xref">smtplib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>SMTP protocol client (requires sockets).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/sndhdr.html#module-sndhdr"><tt class="xref">sndhdr</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Determine type of a sound file.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/socket.html#module-socket"><tt class="xref">socket</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Low-level networking interface.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/socketserver.html#module-socketserver"><tt class="xref">socketserver</tt></a></td><td>
<em>A framework for network servers.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/spwd.html#module-spwd"><tt class="xref">spwd</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>The shadow password database (getspnam() and friends).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/sqlite3.html#module-sqlite3"><tt class="xref">sqlite3</tt></a></td><td>
<em>A DB-API 2.0 implementation using SQLite 3.x.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/ssl.html#module-ssl"><tt class="xref">ssl</tt></a></td><td>
<em>TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/stat.html#module-stat"><tt class="xref">stat</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(),
os.lstat() and os.fstat().</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/string.html#module-string"><tt class="xref">string</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Common string operations.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/stringprep.html#module-stringprep"><tt class="xref">stringprep</tt></a></td><td><strong>Deprecated:</strong>
<em>String preparation, as per RFC 3453</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/struct.html#module-struct"><tt class="xref">struct</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Interpret bytes as packed binary data.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/subprocess.html#module-subprocess"><tt class="xref">subprocess</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Subprocess management.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/sunau.html#module-sunau"><tt class="xref">sunau</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Provide an interface to the Sun AU sound format.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/symbol.html#module-symbol"><tt class="xref">symbol</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Constants representing internal nodes of the parse tree.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/symtable.html#module-symtable"><tt class="xref">symtable</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Interface to the compiler's internal symbol tables.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/sys.html#module-sys"><tt class="xref">sys</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Access system-specific parameters and functions.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/sysconfig.html#module-sysconfig"><tt class="xref">sysconfig</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Python's configuration information</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/syslog.html#module-syslog"><tt class="xref">syslog</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>An interface to the Unix syslog library routines.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-t"><td></td><td>
<strong>t</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/tabnanny.html#module-tabnanny"><tt class="xref">tabnanny</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Tool for detecting white space related problems in Python
source files in a directory tree.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/tarfile.html#module-tarfile"><tt class="xref">tarfile</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Read and write tar-format archive files.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/telnetlib.html#module-telnetlib"><tt class="xref">telnetlib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Telnet client class.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/tempfile.html#module-tempfile"><tt class="xref">tempfile</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Generate temporary files and directories.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/termios.html#module-termios"><tt class="xref">termios</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>POSIX style tty control.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-14" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/test.html#module-test"><tt class="xref">test</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Regression tests package containing the testing suite for Python.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-14">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/test.html#module-test.support"><tt class="xref">test.support</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Support for Python's regression test suite.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/textwrap.html#module-textwrap"><tt class="xref">textwrap</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Text wrapping and filling</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/threading.html#module-threading"><tt class="xref">threading</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Thread-based parallelism.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/time.html#module-time"><tt class="xref">time</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Time access and conversions.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/timeit.html#module-timeit"><tt class="xref">timeit</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Measure the execution time of small code snippets.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-15" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/tkinter.html#module-tkinter"><tt class="xref">tkinter</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-15">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/tkinter.scrolledtext.html#module-tkinter.scrolledtext"><tt class="xref">tkinter.scrolledtext</tt></a> <em>(Tk)</em></td><td>
<em>Text widget with a vertical scroll bar.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-15">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/tkinter.tix.html#module-tkinter.tix"><tt class="xref">tkinter.tix</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Tk Extension Widgets for Tkinter</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-15">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/tkinter.ttk.html#module-tkinter.ttk"><tt class="xref">tkinter.ttk</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Tk themed widget set</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/token.html#module-token"><tt class="xref">token</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Constants representing terminal nodes of the parse tree.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/tokenize.html#module-tokenize"><tt class="xref">tokenize</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Lexical scanner for Python source code.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/trace.html#module-trace"><tt class="xref">trace</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Trace or track Python statement execution.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/traceback.html#module-traceback"><tt class="xref">traceback</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Print or retrieve a stack traceback.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/tty.html#module-tty"><tt class="xref">tty</tt></a> <em>(Unix)</em></td><td>
<em>Utility functions that perform common terminal control operations.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/turtle.html#module-turtle"><tt class="xref">turtle</tt></a></td><td>
<em>An educational framework for simple graphics applications</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/types.html#module-types"><tt class="xref">types</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Names for built-in types.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-u"><td></td><td>
<strong>u</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/unicodedata.html#module-unicodedata"><tt class="xref">unicodedata</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Access the Unicode Database.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-16" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/unittest.html#module-unittest"><tt class="xref">unittest</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Unit testing framework for Python.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-16">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/unittest.mock.html#module-unittest.mock"><tt class="xref">unittest.mock</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Mock object library.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-17" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<tt class="xref">urllib</tt></td><td>
<em></em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-17">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/urllib.error.html#module-urllib.error"><tt class="xref">urllib.error</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Exception classes raised by urllib.request.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-17">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/urllib.parse.html#module-urllib.parse"><tt class="xref">urllib.parse</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Parse URLs into or assemble them from components.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-17">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/urllib.request.html#module-urllib.request"><tt class="xref">urllib.request</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Extensible library for opening URLs.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-17">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/urllib.request.html#module-urllib.response"><tt class="xref">urllib.response</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Response classes used by urllib.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-17">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/urllib.robotparser.html#module-urllib.robotparser"><tt class="xref">urllib.robotparser</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Load a robots.txt file and answer questions about
fetchability of other URLs.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/uu.html#module-uu"><tt class="xref">uu</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Encode and decode files in uuencode format.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/uuid.html#module-uuid"><tt class="xref">uuid</tt></a></td><td>
<em>UUID objects (universally unique identifiers) according to RFC 4122</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-v"><td></td><td>
<strong>v</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/venv.html#module-venv"><tt class="xref">venv</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Creation of virtual environments.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-w"><td></td><td>
<strong>w</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/warnings.html#module-warnings"><tt class="xref">warnings</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Issue warning messages and control their disposition.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/wave.html#module-wave"><tt class="xref">wave</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Provide an interface to the WAV sound format.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/weakref.html#module-weakref"><tt class="xref">weakref</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Support for weak references and weak dictionaries.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/webbrowser.html#module-webbrowser"><tt class="xref">webbrowser</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Easy-to-use controller for Web browsers.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/winreg.html#module-winreg"><tt class="xref">winreg</tt></a> <em>(Windows)</em></td><td>
<em>Routines and objects for manipulating the Windows registry.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/winsound.html#module-winsound"><tt class="xref">winsound</tt></a> <em>(Windows)</em></td><td>
<em>Access to the sound-playing machinery for Windows.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-18" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<a href="library/wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref"><tt class="xref">wsgiref</tt></a></td><td>
<em>WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-18">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.handlers"><tt class="xref">wsgiref.handlers</tt></a></td><td>
<em>WSGI server/gateway base classes.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-18">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.headers"><tt class="xref">wsgiref.headers</tt></a></td><td>
<em>WSGI response header tools.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-18">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.simple_server"><tt class="xref">wsgiref.simple_server</tt></a></td><td>
<em>A simple WSGI HTTP server.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-18">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.util"><tt class="xref">wsgiref.util</tt></a></td><td>
<em>WSGI environment utilities.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-18">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.validate"><tt class="xref">wsgiref.validate</tt></a></td><td>
<em>WSGI conformance checker.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-x"><td></td><td>
<strong>x</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/xdrlib.html#module-xdrlib"><tt class="xref">xdrlib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Encoders and decoders for the External Data Representation (XDR).</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-19" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<tt class="xref">xml</tt></td><td>
<em></em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-19">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/xml.dom.html#module-xml.dom"><tt class="xref">xml.dom</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Document Object Model API for Python.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-19">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/xml.dom.minidom.html#module-xml.dom.minidom"><tt class="xref">xml.dom.minidom</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Lightweight Document Object Model (DOM) implementation.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-19">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/xml.dom.pulldom.html#module-xml.dom.pulldom"><tt class="xref">xml.dom.pulldom</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Support for building partial DOM trees from SAX events.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-19">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/xml.etree.elementtree.html#module-xml.etree.ElementTree"><tt class="xref">xml.etree.ElementTree</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Implementation of the ElementTree API.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-19">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pyexpat.html#module-xml.parsers.expat"><tt class="xref">xml.parsers.expat</tt></a></td><td>
<em>An interface to the Expat non-validating XML parser.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-19">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pyexpat.html#module-xml.parsers.expat.errors"><tt class="xref">xml.parsers.expat.errors</tt></a></td><td>
<em></em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-19">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/pyexpat.html#module-xml.parsers.expat.model"><tt class="xref">xml.parsers.expat.model</tt></a></td><td>
<em></em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-19">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/xml.sax.html#module-xml.sax"><tt class="xref">xml.sax</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Package containing SAX2 base classes and convenience functions.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-19">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/xml.sax.handler.html#module-xml.sax.handler"><tt class="xref">xml.sax.handler</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Base classes for SAX event handlers.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-19">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/xml.sax.utils.html#module-xml.sax.saxutils"><tt class="xref">xml.sax.saxutils</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Convenience functions and classes for use with SAX.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-19">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/xml.sax.reader.html#module-xml.sax.xmlreader"><tt class="xref">xml.sax.xmlreader</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Interface which SAX-compliant XML parsers must implement.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="_static/minus.png" class="toggler"
id="toggle-20" style="display: none" alt="-" /></td>
<td>
<tt class="xref">xmlrpc</tt></td><td>
<em></em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-20">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/xmlrpc.client.html#module-xmlrpc.client"><tt class="xref">xmlrpc.client</tt></a></td><td>
<em>XML-RPC client access.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="cg-20">
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/xmlrpc.server.html#module-xmlrpc.server"><tt class="xref">xmlrpc.server</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Basic XML-RPC server implementations.</em></td></tr>
<tr class="pcap"><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr class="cap" id="cap-z"><td></td><td>
<strong>z</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/zipfile.html#module-zipfile"><tt class="xref">zipfile</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Read and write ZIP-format archive files.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/zipimport.html#module-zipimport"><tt class="xref">zipimport</tt></a></td><td>
<em>support for importing Python modules from ZIP archives.</em></td></tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href="library/zlib.html#module-zlib"><tt class="xref">zlib</tt></a></td><td>
<em>Low-level interface to compression and decompression routines
compatible with gzip.</em></td></tr>
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