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<title>GMTCONVERT</title>
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<h1 align=center>GMTCONVERT</h1>
<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
<a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a><br>
<a href="#ASCII FORMAT PRECISION">ASCII FORMAT PRECISION</a><br>
<a href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a><br>
<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
<hr>
<a name="NAME"></a>
<h2>NAME</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">gmtconvert
− Converts, Pastes, and/or Extracts columns from ASCII
and binary 1-D tables</p>
<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>gmtconvert</b>
[ <i>inputfiles</i> ] [ <b>−A</b> ] [
<b>−D</b>[<i>template</i>] ] [
<b>−E</b>[<b>f</b>|<b>l</b>] ] [
<b>−F</b><i>cols</i> ] [
<b>−H</b>[<b>i</b>][<i>nrec</i>] ] [ <b>−L</b> ]
[ <b>−I</b> ] [ <b>−N</b> ] [
<b>−S</b>[<b>~</b>]<i>"search string"</i> ]
[ <b>−V</b> ] [ <b>−:</b>[<b>i</b>|<b>o</b>] ] [
<b>−b</b>[<b>i</b>|<b>o</b>][<b>s</b>|<b>S</b>|<b>d</b>|<b>D</b>[<i>ncol</i>]|<b>c</b>[<i>var1</i><b>/</b><i>...</i>]]
] [ <b>−f</b>[<b>i</b>|<b>o</b>]<i>colinfo</i> ] [
<b>−g</b>[<b>a</b>]<b>x</b>|<b>y</b>|<b>d</b>|<b>X</b>|<b>Y</b>|<b>D</b>|[<i>col</i>]<b>z</b>[+|-]<i>gap</i>[<b>u</b>]
] [ <b>−m</b>[<b>i</b>|<b>o</b>][<i>flag</i>] ]</p>
<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>gmtconvert</b>
reads its standard input [or inputfiles] and writes out the
desired information to standard output. It can do a
combination of three things: (1) convert between binary and
ASCII data tables, (2) paste corresponding records from
multiple files into a single file, (3) extract a subset of
the columns, (4) only extract segments whose header matches
a text pattern search, (5) just list all multisegment
headers and no data records, and (6) extract first and last
data record for each segment. Input (and hence output) may
have multiple subheaders if <b>−m</b> is selected, and
ASCII tables may have regular headers as well. <i><br>
datafile(s)</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">ASCII (or binary, see
<b>−bi</b>) file(s) holding a number of data
columns.</p>
<a name="OPTIONS"></a>
<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<table width="100%" border=0 rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−A</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">The records from
the input files should be pasted horizontally, not appended
vertically. [Default processes one file at the time]. Note
for binary input, all the files you want to paste must have
the same number of columns (as set with
<b>−bi</b>).</p> </td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−D</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">For multiple
segment data, dump each segment to a separate output file
[Default writes a multiple segment file to stdout]. Append a
format template for the individual file names; this template
<b>must</b> contain a C format specifier that can format an
integer argument (the segment number); this is usually %d
but could be %8.8d which gives leading zeros, etc. [Default
is gmtconvert_segment_%d.d].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−E</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Only extract the
first and last record for each segment of interest [Default
extracts all records]. Optionally, append <b>f</b> or
<b>l</b> to only extract the first or last record of each
segment, respectively.</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−F</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Give a
comma-separated list of desired columns or ranges (0 is
first column) [Default outputs all columns].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−H</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Input file(s) has
header record(s). If used, the default number of header
records is <b><A HREF="gmtdefaults.html#N_HEADER_RECS">N_HEADER_RECS</A></b>. Use <b>−Hi</b> if
only input data should have header records [Default will
write out header records if the input data have them]. Blank
lines and lines starting with # are always skipped.</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−I</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Invert the order of
rows, i.e., output the final records in reverse order,
starting with the last and ending up with the first input
row [Default goes forward].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−L</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Only output a
listing of all multisegment header records and no data
records (requires <b>−m</b> and ASCII data).</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−N</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Do not write
records that only contain NaNs in every field [Default
writes all records].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−S</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Only output those
segments whose header record contains the specified text
string. To reverse the search, i.e., to output segments
whose headers do <i>not</i> contain the specified pattern,
use <b>−S~</b>. Should your pattern happen to start
with ~ you need to escape this character with a backslash
[Default output all segments].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−V</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Selects verbose
mode, which will send progress reports to stderr [Default
runs "silently"].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−:</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Toggles between
(longitude,latitude) and (latitude,longitude) input and/or
output. [Default is (longitude,latitude)]. Append <b>i</b>
to select input only or <b>o</b> to select output only.
[Default affects both].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−bi</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Selects binary
input. Append <b>s</b> for single precision [Default is
<b>d</b> (double)]. Uppercase <b>S</b> or <b>D</b> will
force byte-swapping. Optionally, append <i>ncol</i>, the
number of columns in your binary input file if it exceeds
the columns needed by the program. Or append <b>c</b> if the
input file is netCDF. Optionally, append
<i>var1</i><b>/</b><i>var2</i><b>/</b><i>...</i> to specify
the variables to be read.</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−bo</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Selects binary
output. Append <b>s</b> for single precision [Default is
<b>d</b> (double)]. Uppercase <b>S</b> or <b>D</b> will
force byte-swapping. Optionally, append <i>ncol</i>, the
number of desired columns in your binary output file.
[Default is same as input].</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−f</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Special formatting
of input and/or output columns (time or geographical data).
Specify <b>i</b> or <b>o</b> to make this apply only to
input or output [Default applies to both]. Give one or more
columns (or column ranges) separated by commas. Append
<b>T</b> (absolute calendar time), <b>t</b> (relative time
in chosen <b><A HREF="gmtdefaults.html#TIME_UNIT">TIME_UNIT</A></b> since <b><A HREF="gmtdefaults.html#TIME_EPOCH">TIME_EPOCH</A></b>),
<b>x</b> (longitude), <b>y</b> (latitude), or <b>f</b>
(floating point) to each column or column range item.
Shorthand <b>−f</b>[<b>i</b>|<b>o</b>]<b>g</b> means
<b>−f</b>[<b>i</b>|<b>o</b>]0<b>x</b>,1<b>y</b>
(geographic coordinates).</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−g</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Examine the spacing
between consecutive data points in order to impose breaks in
the line. Append <b>x</b>|<b>X</b> or <b>y</b>|<b>Y</b> to
define a gap when there is a large enough change in the x or
y coordinates, respectively, or <b>d</b>|<b>D</b> for
distance gaps; use upper case to calculate gaps from
projected coordinates. For gap-testing on other columns use
[<i>col</i>]<b>z</b>; if <i>col</i> is not prepended the it
defaults to 2 (i.e., 3rd column). Append [+|-]<i>gap</i> and
optionally a unit <b>u</b>. Regarding optional signs: -ve
means previous minus current column value must exceed
|<i>gap</i> to be a gap, +ve means current minus previous
column value must exceed <i>gap</i>, and no sign means the
absolute value of the difference must exceed <i>gap</i>. For
geographic data (<b>x</b>|<b>y</b>|<b>d</b>), the unit
<b>u</b> may be m<b>e</b>ter [Default], <b>k</b>ilometer,
<b>m</b>iles, or <b>n</b>autical miles. For projected data
(<b>X</b>|<b>Y</b>|<b>D</b>), choose from <b>i</b>nch,
<b>c</b>entimeter, <b>m</b>eter, or <b>p</b>oints [Default
unit set by MEASURE_UNIT]. Note: For
<b>x</b>|<b>y</b>|<b>z</b> with time data the unit is
instead controlled by TIME_UNIT. Repeat the option to
specify multiple criteria, of which any can be met to
produce a line break. Issue an additional <b>−ga</b>
to indicate that all criteria must be met instead.</p></td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="4%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top"><b>−m</b></p> </td>
<td width="7%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p style="margin-top: 1em" valign="top">Multiple segment
file(s). Segments are separated by a special record. For
ASCII files the first character must be <i>flag</i> [Default
is ’>’]. For binary files all fields must be
NaN and <b>−b</b> must set the number of output
columns explicitly. By default the <b>−m</b> setting
applies to both input and output. Use <b>−mi</b> and
<b>−mo</b> to give separate settings to input and
output.</p> </td>
</table>
<a name="ASCII FORMAT PRECISION"></a>
<h2>ASCII FORMAT PRECISION</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The ASCII
output formats of numerical data are controlled by
parameters in your .gmtdefaults4 file. Longitude and
latitude are formatted according to
<b><A HREF="gmtdefaults.html#OUTPUT_DEGREE_FORMAT">OUTPUT_DEGREE_FORMAT</A></b>, whereas other values are
formatted according to <b><A HREF="gmtdefaults.html#D_FORMAT">D_FORMAT</A></b>. Be aware that the
format in effect can lead to loss of precision in the
output, which can lead to various problems downstream. If
you find the output is not written with enough precision,
consider switching to binary output (<b>−bo</b> if
available) or specify more decimals using the
<b><A HREF="gmtdefaults.html#D_FORMAT">D_FORMAT</A></b> setting.</p>
<a name="EXAMPLES"></a>
<h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">To convert the
binary file test.b (single precision) with 4 columns to
ASCII:</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>gmtconvert</b>
test.b <b>−bis</b>4 > test.dat</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">To convert the
multiple segment ASCII table test.d to a double precision
binary file:</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>gmtconvert</b>
test.d <b>−m −bo</b> > test.b</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">You have an
ASCII table with 6 columns and you want to plot column 5
versus column 0. Try</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>gmtconvert</b>
table.d <b>−F</b>5,0 | psxy ...</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">If the file
instead is the binary file results.b which has 9
single-precision values per record, we extract the last
column and columns 4-6 and write ASCII with the command</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>gmtconvert</b>
results.b <b>−F</b>8,4-6 -bi9s | psxy ...</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">You want to
plot the 2nd column of a 2-column file left.d versus the
first column of a file right.d:</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>gmtconvert</b>
left.d right.d <b>−A −F</b>1,2 | psxy ...</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">To extract all
segments in the file big_file.d whose headers contain the
string "RIDGE AXIS", try</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>gmtconvert</b>
big_file.d <b>−m −S</b>"RIDGE AXIS"
> subset.d</p>
<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><i><A HREF="GMT.html">GMT</A></i>(1),
<i><A HREF="minmax.html">minmax</A></i>(1)</p>
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